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A heat pump in combination with heat and cold storage. A ground source heat pump (also geothermal heat pump) is a heating/cooling system for buildings that use a type of heat pump to transfer heat to or from the ground, taking advantage of the relative constancy of temperatures of the earth through the seasons.
An alternative to the earth-to-air heat exchanger is the "water" to earth heat exchanger. This is typically similar to a geothermal heat pump tubing embedded horizontally in the soil (or could be a vertical sonde) to a similar depth of the earth-air heat exchanger. It uses approximately double the length of pipe of 35 mm diameter, e.g., around ...
DX system being drilled in the 1980s. A direct exchange (DX) geothermal heat pump is a type of ground source heat pump in which refrigerant circulates through copper tubing placed in the ground unlike other ground source heat pumps where refrigerant is restricted to the heat pump itself with a secondary loop in the ground filled with a mixture of water and anti-freeze.
Like a refrigerator or air conditioner, these systems use a heat pump to force the transfer of heat from the ground to the building. Heat can be extracted from any source, no matter how cold, but a warmer source allows higher efficiency. A ground-source heat pump uses the shallow ground or ground water (typically starting at 10–12 °C or 50 ...
Air source heat pumps are the most common models, while other types include ground source heat pumps, water source heat pumps and exhaust air heat pumps. [4] Large-scale heat pumps are also used in district heating systems. [5] The efficiency of a heat pump is expressed as a coefficient of performance (COP), or seasonal coefficient of ...
As discussed above, typical air-source heat pumps (ASHPs) struggle to perform efficiently at low temperatures. Ground-source heat pumps (GSHPs), which transfer heat to or from the ground using fluid-filled underground pipes (ground heat exchangers or GHEs), [30] offer higher efficiency but are expensive to install due to labor and material ...
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