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In a computer using virtual memory, accessing the location corresponding to a memory address may involve many levels. In computing, a memory address is a reference to a specific memory location in memory used by both software and hardware. [1] These addresses are fixed-length sequences of digits, typically displayed and handled as unsigned ...
This addressing mode, which always fetches data from memory or stores data to memory and then sequentially falls through to execute the next instruction (the effective address points to data), should not be confused with "PC-relative branch" which does not fetch data from or store data to memory, but instead branches to some other instruction ...
This means there are 14 – (5+2) = 7 bits, which are stored in tag field to match the address on cache request. Below are memory addresses and an explanation of which cache line on which set they map to: Address 0x0000 (tag - 0b000_0000, index – 0b0_0000, offset – 0b00) corresponds to block 0 of the memory and maps to the set 0 of the ...
In computer science, pointer swizzling is the conversion of references based on name or position into direct pointer references (memory addresses).It is typically performed during deserialization or loading of a relocatable object from a disk file, such as an executable file or pointer-based data structure.
Extend memory with an additional bit, writable only in supervisor mode, that indicates that a particular location is a capability. This is a generalization of the use of tag bits to protect segment descriptors in the Burroughs large systems , and it was used to protect capabilities in the IBM System/38 .
In a system using segmentation, computer memory addresses consist of a segment id and an offset within the segment. [3] A hardware memory management unit (MMU) is responsible for translating the segment and offset into a physical address, and for performing checks to make sure the translation can be done and that the reference to that segment and offset is permitted.
The root of the problem is that no appropriate address-arithmetic instructions suitable for flat addressing of the entire memory range are available. [citation needed] Flat addressing is possible by applying multiple instructions, which however leads to slower programs. The memory model concept derives from the setup of the segment registers.
During the life of the PDP-11, the 16-bit logical address space became an increasing limitation. Various techniques were used to work around it: Later-model PDP-11 processors include memory management to support virtual addressing. The physical address space was extended to 18 or 22 bits, hence allowing up to 256 KB or 4 MB of RAM.
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