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The Four Days' Battle [a] was a naval engagement fought from 11 to 14 June 1666 (1–4 June O.S.) during the Second Anglo-Dutch War.It began off the Flemish coast and ended near the English coast, and remains one of the longest naval battles in history.
In the initial stages of the Four Days' Battle, fought from 11 to 15 June, the Dutch inflicted heavy damage on their opponents, before the return of the detached squadron forced them to withdraw. The English lost ten ships compared to only four Dutch, but any hope the Royal Navy was too damaged to renew hostilities soon proved incorrect. [56]
She took part in all three major naval battles of the Second Dutch War. At the Battle of Lowestoft on 3 June 1665, she was the flagship of Prince Rupert, a role she reprised a year later during the Four Days Battle on 4 June 1666. She also took part in the St James's Day Fight on 25 July 1666.
In 1666 her armament was 52 (wartime)/44 (peacetime) and consisted of twenty-four culverins, [4] [Note 1] twenty 8-pounder guns, [5] [Note 2] eight sakers. [6] Note 3 ] Her manning was 180 personnel in March 1652 and rose to 210 personnel by the end of 1653 (becoming a Third Rate briefly) and was established as 190/140/110 personnel.
With his conduct called into question, Berkeley resolved to answer his critics by distinguishing himself in the 1666 campaign. [4] He had by now been appointed vice-admiral of the blue and been given command of the van of the English fleet which sailed to engage the Dutch at the Four Days' Battle.
During Four Days' Battle she arrived with Prince Rupert's squadron on 4 June 1666. She was a member of the Rear Division of Prince Rupert's Squadron, suffering no casualties during the fight. [14] Captain Thomas Guy took command on 9 June 1666. She participated in the St James Day Battle as a member of Red Squadron, Van Division on 25 July 1666 ...
The St James' Day Battle [a] took place on 25 July 1666 [b] (4 August 1666 in the Gregorian calendar), during the Second Anglo-Dutch War. It was fought between an English fleet commanded jointly by Prince Rupert of the Rhine and George Monck , and a Dutch force under Lieutenant-Admiral Michiel de Ruyter .
Between 1 June and 4 June (by the Julian Calendar) 1666 Essex fought at the Four Days Battle. On the final day of the engagement, she was captured by the Dutch. [1] By the time of the battle, Essex's armament had been increased to 60 guns.