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Optic neuritis describes any condition that causes inflammation of the ... Several case studies in children have demonstrated the absence of pain in more than half of ...
The second most common initial manifestation of the disease is inflammation of the optic nerve and/or optic chiasm (optic neuritis, ON). [4] ON may lead to varying degrees of visual impairment with decreased visual acuity , although visual field defects, or loss of color vision , may occur in isolation or prior to formal loss of visual acuity.
Optic neuropathy is damage to the optic nerve from any cause. The optic nerve is a bundle of millions of fibers in the retina that sends visual signals to the brain. Damage and death of these nerve cells, or neurons, leads to characteristic features of optic neuropathy.
Recurrent optic neuritis. The repetition of an idiopatic optic neuritis is considered a distinct clinical condition, and it has been found to be associated with anti-MOG autoantibodies [28] CRION (Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuritis): A distinct clinical entity from other inflammatory demyelinating diseases. [29]
Dominant optic atrophy was first described clinically by Batten in 1896 and named Kjer’s optic neuropathy in 1959 after Danish ophthalmologist Poul Kjer, who studied 19 families with the disease. [3] Although dominant optic atrophy is the most common autosomally inherited optic neuropathy (i.e., disease of the optic nerves), it is often ...
Optic neuritis [10] [3] [11] (including cases of CRION (chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy [12]) Transverse myelitis [3] Aseptic meningitis and meningoencephalitis (typically post-infectious). [13] The most common presenting phenotypes are acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) in children and optic neuritis (ON) in adults. [14]
Leber hereditary optic neuropathy is a condition related to changes in mitochondrial DNA. Although most DNA is packaged in chromosomes within the nucleus, mitochondria have a distinct mitochondrial genome composed of mtDNA. Mutations in the MT-ND1, MT-ND4, MT-ND4L, and MT-ND6 genes cause Leber hereditary optic neuropathy. [6]
Retrobulbar neuritis, an inflamed optic nerve, but with a normal-appearing nerve head, is associated with pain and the other findings of papillitis. Pseudopapilledema is a normal variant of the optic disk , in which the disk appears elevated, with indistinct margins and a normal vascular pattern.
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