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The Tamil language is native to Tamil Nadu , Puducherry (India) and Sri Lanka, where most of the native Tamil speaking population is highly concentrated. Tamil is also recognized as a classical language by the Government of India in 2004 and was the first language to achieve such status. [1] Tamil is one of the 22 official languages of India. [2]
States and union territories of India by the spoken first language [1] [note 1]. The Republic of India is home to several hundred languages.Most Indians speak a language belonging to the families of the Indo-Aryan branch of Indo-European (c. 77%), the Dravidian (c. 20.61%), the Austroasiatic (precisely Munda and Khasic) (c. 1.2%), or the Sino-Tibetan (precisely Tibeto-Burman) (c. 0.8%), with ...
Tamil [b] (தமிழ், Tamiḻ, pronounced ⓘ), also written as Thamizh, is a Dravidian language natively spoken by the Tamil people of South Asia. It is one of the two longest-surviving classical languages in India , along with Sanskrit , [ 10 ] [ 11 ] attested since c. 300 BCE .
While the written Tamil language is mostly standard across various Tamil-speaking regions, the spoken form of the language differs widely from the written form. Perunchitthranar, a Tamil nationalist and others of his ilk, advocated that all Tamils speak only the pure form of the language, i.e., Centhamizh.
Tanglish (Tamil: தமிங்கிலம், pronounced [ˌt̪əˈmɪŋgɪləm]) refers to the macaronic code-mixing or code-switching of the Tamil and English languages, in the context of colloquial spoken language.
A. H. Arden, A progressive grammar of the Tamil language, 5th edition, 1942. Schiffman, Harold F. (1998). A Reference Grammar of Spoken Tamil (PDF). Cambridge University Press. pp. 20– 21. ISBN 978-0-521-64074-9. Archived (PDF) from the original on 11 April 2024. Lehmann, Thomas. A Grammar of Modern Tamil. Pondicherry Institute of Linguistics ...
The Nannul remains the standard normative grammar for modern literary Tamil, which therefore continues to be based on Middle Tamil of the 13th century rather than on Modern Tamil. [37] In contrast, colloquial spoken Tamil has undergone several changes. [38]
Some languages without noun class may have noun classifiers instead. This is common in East Asian languages.. American Sign Language; Bengali (Indo-European); Burmese; Modern written Chinese (Sino-Tibetan) has gendered pronouns introduced in the 1920s to accommodate the translation of Western literature (see Chinese pronouns), which do not appear in spoken Chinese.