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The persons tested were the patrilineal descendants of Jérome Bonaparte, one of Napoleon's brothers, and of Alexandre Colonna-Walewski, Napoleon's illegitimate son with Marie Walewska. These three tests all yielded the same Y-STR haplotype (109 markers) confirming with 100% certainty that the first Emperor of the French belonged to the M34 ...
The succession to the throne of the French Empire was vested by Bonapartist emperors in the descendants and selected male relatives of Napoleon I (r. 1804–1814/15). Following the end of the Second French Empire in 1870, Bonapartist pretenders descended from Napoleon I's brothers have maintained theoretical claims to the imperial office.
Bonapartist claimants to the throne of France—descendants of Napoleon I and his brothers, rejecting all heads of state 1815–48, and since 1870. Jacobite claimants to the throne of France —descendants of King Edward III of England and thus his claim to the French throne (renounced by Hanoverian King George III upon union with Ireland ...
The succession law promulgated at the same time also demanded a Salic succession, in which Napoleon was to be succeeded by, first, his own legitimate offspring, then his elder brother Joseph Bonaparte and his descendants, and finally his younger brother Louis Bonaparte and his descendants. [1] (Napoleon's other brothers were omitted for various ...
Napoleon I 1769–1821 Emperor of the French r. 1804–1814, 1815: Joséphine de Beauharnais 1763–1814: Alexandre de Beauharnais 1760–1794: Louis Bonaparte 1778–1846 King of Holland: Napoleon II 1811–1832 Emperor of the French r. 1815 (disputed) Hortense de Beauharnais 1783–1837: Napoleon III 1808–1873 Emperor of the French r. 1852 ...
The Napoleon movie does a great job of showcasing Josephine’s life while she was with Napoleon, but many people don’t know what happened to her upon her 1810 divorce with Napoleon after they ...
In 1883, these were split into two factions as Henri V died without heirs, and his successor as head of the House of Bourbon would have a Spanish Bourbon. Earlier, King Philip V of Spain (also of the House of Bourbon) had earlier renounced the throne of France for himself and his descendants in the Peace of Utrecht.
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