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During 1903 and 1904, many members changed sides in the factions. Trotsky left the Mensheviks in September 1904 over their insistence on an alliance with Russian liberals and their opposition to a reconciliation with Lenin and the Bolsheviks. [46] From 1904 until 1917, Trotsky described himself as a "non-factional social democrat".
When Bolshevik leaders Lev Kamenev, Vladimir Lenin, Leon Trotsky, Joseph Stalin, and Matvei Muranov returned to Petrograd from Siberian exile in early March 1917 and assumed the leadership of the Bolshevik Party, they began exploring the idea of a complete re-unification of Bolsheviks and Mensheviks at the national level, which Menshevik ...
Trotsky was the Red Army's paramount leader in the Revolutionary period's direct aftermath. Trotsky initially opposed some aspects of Leninism [24] [25] but eventually concluded that unity between the Mensheviks and Bolsheviks was impossible and joined the Bolsheviks. Trotsky played a leading role with Lenin in the October Revolution.
The 4th Party Congress was held in Stockholm, Sweden and saw a formal reunification of the two factions (with the Mensheviks in the majority), but the discrepancies between Bolshevik and Menshevik views became particularly clear during the proceedings. The 5th Party Congress was held in London, England, in 1907. It consolidated the supremacy of ...
During the outbreak of the First World War in 1914, while other Mensheviks supported Russia's war effort, Martov viewed the conflict as an imperialist war. This was in line with the views of Lenin and Trotsky. The 'internationalist' minority in the Menshevik party favored a campaign for 'democratic peace'. [21]
In response, the Mensheviks, Leon Trotsky's followers, the Jewish Bund and other ethnic social democratic groups held a meeting in Vienna in August 1912 in which they called Lenin's action illegal and formed their own leadership of the RSDLP, the so-called August Bloc. To distinguish between competing RSDLPs, the Bolshevik one was called RSDLP ...
Leon Trotsky also commented on the trial, condemning both Stalin and the Mensheviks. [9] However, Trotsky would later publicly regret his mistake and for his belief in the initial charges due to the previous obstruction from Groman to the proposed five-year plan and industrialisation. [10]
On 30 October [O.S. 13 October] 1905, the executive presidency of the Soviet was elected: Bolsheviks, Mensheviks and Social Revolutionaries each sent three representatives. [5] The leading Menshevik representative - despite his earlier disputes with the leaders of the current - was Leon Trotsky. On his initiative, the Bolsheviks and Mensheviks ...