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Eurycnema goliath, commonly known as the goliath stick insect, or the regal stick insect, [4] is a large species of stick insect in the family Phasmatidae, endemic to Australia [2] and considered one of the largest species of stick insects in the country. [5] The species has the Phasmid Study Group number PSG14. [6]
It is the largest insect in North America, growing up to 7 inches in length. [6] [7] [8] Giant walkingsticks exhibit sexual dimorphism, with females generally being significantly larger than males. [9] Giant walkingsticks have spines on their middle and hind legs; males have only a single, larger spine on each hind leg.
The Phasmatodea (also known as Phasmida or Phasmatoptera) are an order of insects whose members are variously known as stick insects, stick bugs, walkingsticks, stick animals, or bug sticks. They are also occasionally referred to as Devil's darning needles , although this name is shared by both dragonflies and crane flies. [ 1 ]
The heaviest of this widespread, varied complex of insects is the Little Barrier Island giant weta, Deinacrida heteracantha, of New Zealand; one specimen weighed 71 g (2.5 oz) and measured nearly 10 cm (3.9 in), [2] giving it one of the largest insect weights ever known. These heavyweight insects can be over 9 cm (3.5 in) long.
It is used in laboratories, kept for projects in schools (as is Carausius morosus [2]), and is a popular pet among breeders of exotic insects in North America and Europe. One breeder advises specifically "For a stick insect with body length 127mm, to keep 2 adult females, you need a cage at least 600mm high, 300mm deep and 300mm wide." [3]
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A pair of mating D. femorata in the Hudson Highlands region of New York. The common walkingstick is a slender, elongated insect that camouflages itself by resembling a twig. . The sexes differ, with the male usually being brown and about 75 mm (3 in) in length while the female is greenish-brown, and rather larger at 95 mm (3.7 i
Exhibiting the sexual dimorphism of many similar insects (particularly other phasmids as well as mantises), males are small and thinner, less than 9-10 cm long while females are typically 14 cm in length. The male has enlarged hind leg femurs with a curved spine or thorn on the underneath side, large enough to be used as a fish hook in New Guinea.