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John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster (6 March 1340 – 3 February 1399), was an English royal prince, military leader and statesman. He was the fourth son ...
While John of Gaunt and John of Brittany were invading the Champagne province, burning Vertus, looting and ravaging Hermonville, Ville-Dommange, Le Meix-Tiercelin, Margerie, Epernay and the countryside around Châlons-en-Champagne, [10] Du Guesclin was heading East, via Paris where he talked with the king.
In the 14th century, when the Strand was paved as far as the Savoy, it was the vast riverside London residence of John of Gaunt, a younger son of King Edward III who had inherited by marriage the title and lands of the Dukes of Lancaster. He was the nation's power broker and in his time was the richest man in the kingdom second to the king.
It is visible sculpted on the main gate of St John's College, Cambridge, founded by Lady Margaret Beaufort. The forget-me-not flower was possibly first used as the heraldic badge of King Henry IV, legitimate son and heir of John of Gaunt. One of Henry IV's mottos was souveyne vous de moi, the French name for the forget-me-not flower. Henry IV's ...
Katherine Swynford, Duchess of Lancaster (born Katherine de Roet, c. 1349 – 10 May 1403) was the third wife of John of Gaunt, Duke of Lancaster, the fourth (but third surviving) son of King Edward III.
Arms of the Beaufort family, legitimised descendants of John of Gaunt: Royal arms of King Edward III within a bordure compony argent and azure Joan Beaufort (c. 1377 – 13 November 1440) was the youngest of the four legitimised children and only daughter of John of Gaunt, 1st Duke of Lancaster (third surviving son of King Edward III), by his mistress, later wife, Katherine de Roet. [1]
When John of Gaunt died in 1399, Richard disinherited John's son, Henry, who invaded England in response with a small force that quickly grew in numbers. Meeting little resistance, Henry deposed Richard to have himself crowned Henry IV of England.
A full telling of Katherine's life emerges from these and from inferences based on the author's understanding of 14th-century England. The resulting portrait is necessarily veiled — John of Gaunt emerges more clearly than Katherine does — but enough is established to suggest that she was an intelligent and devoted companion and mother.