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EBV-positive reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (or EBV-positive reactive lymphoid proliferation) is a benign form of lymphadenopathy, i.e. swollen, often painful lymph nodes. The disorder is based on histologic findings that occur in the lymphoid tissue of mainly older individuals who were infected with EBV many years earlier.
Lymphoid hyperplasia is the rapid proliferation of normal lymphocytic cells that resemble lymph tissue which may occur with bacterial or viral infections. [1] The growth is termed hyperplasia which may result in enlargement of various tissue including an organ, or cause a cutaneous lesion .
Lymph nodes with reactive follicles contain extensions outside its capsule, follicles present throughout the entire node, obvious centroblasts and the absence or diminishing mantle zones. Immunohistochemistry can help distinguish a difference between a patient with follicular lymphoma to follicular hyperplasia. [ 1 ]
Reactive: acute infection (e.g., bacterial, or viral), or chronic infections (tuberculous lymphadenitis, [3] cat-scratch disease [4]). The most distinctive sign of bubonic plague is extreme swelling of one or more lymph nodes that bulge out of the skin as "buboes".
Lymphoproliferative disorders are a set of disorders characterized by the abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes into a monoclonal lymphocytosis.The two major types of lymphocytes are B cells and T cells, which are derived from pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow.
PTGC is diagnosed by surgical excision of the affected lymph node(s), and examination by a pathologist. The differential diagnosis includes non-neoplastic causes of lymphadenopathy (e.g. cat-scratch fever, Kikuchi disease) and malignancy, i.e. cancer.
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ISMCL is distinguished from reactive germinal center hyperplasia by the presence of mantle zone lymphocytes that express cyclin D1 as well as the other markers described above. Screening studies such as CT scans and bone marrow examinations are recommended to determine if MCL, CLL/SLL, marginal zone lymphoma, or FL is present.