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Robert Hall was the first to derive the effects of rational expectations for consumption. His theory states that if Milton Friedman’s permanent income hypothesis is correct, which in short says current income should be viewed as the sum of permanent income and transitory income and that consumption depends primarily on permanent income, and if consumers have rational expectations, then any ...
Household economics analyses all the decisions made by a household. These analyses are both at the microeconomic and macroeconomic level. This field analyses the structures of households, the behavior of family members, and their broader influence on society, including: household consumption, division of labour within the household, allocation of time to household production, marriage, divorce ...
This is a list of countries by household final consumption expenditure per capita, that is, the market value of all goods and services, including durable products (such as cars, washing machines, and home computers), purchased by households during one year, divided by the country's average (or mid-year) population for the same year.
Where stands for autonomous consumption which is minimal consumption of household that is achieved always, by either reducing the savings of household or by borrowing money. c {\displaystyle c} is marginal propensity to consume where c ∈ [ 0 , 1 ] {\displaystyle c\in [0,1]} and it reveals how much of household income is spent on consumption.
For example, Milton Friedman said that calling the business cycle a "cycle" is a misnomer, because of its non-cyclical nature. Friedman believed that for the most part, excluding very large supply shocks, business declines are more of a monetary phenomenon. [43] Arthur F. Burns and Wesley C. Mitchell define business cycle as a form of ...
In 1927, Mitchell laid down the standard definition of business cycles: "Business cycles are a type of fluctuation found in the aggregate economic activity of nations that organize their work mainly in business enterprises: a cycle consists of expansions occurring at about the same time in many economic activities, followed by similarly general ...
Government final consumption expenditure is made for collective consumption or for individual consumption in the form of social transfers in kind to households. Also non-profit institutions serving households provide individual consumption goods and services to households free of charge or at reduced prices.
Household final consumption expenditure (POES) is a transaction of the national account's use of income account representing consumer spending. It consists of the expenditure incurred by resident households on individual consumption goods and services, including those sold at prices that are not economically significant.