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In mycology a tissue or feature is said to be amyloid if it has a positive amyloid reaction when subjected to a crude chemical test using iodine as an ingredient of either Melzer's reagent or Lugol's solution, producing a blue to blue-black staining. The term "amyloid" is derived from the Latin amyloideus ("starch-like"). [1]
To date, 37 human proteins have been found to form amyloid in pathology and be associated with well-defined diseases. [2] The International Society of Amyloidosis classifies amyloid fibrils and their associated diseases based upon associated proteins (for example ATTR is the group of diseases and associated fibrils formed by TTR). [3]
AL amyloidosis is caused by the deposition of abnormal antibody free light chains. The abnormal light chains are produced by monoclonal plasma cells, and, although AL amyloidosis can occur without diagnosis of another disorder, it is often associated with other plasma cell disorders, such as multiple myeloma and Waldenström's macroglobulinemia. [6]
Amyloid light chains deposition in shoulder joint causes enlarged shoulders, also known as "shoulder pad sign". [18] Amyloid light chain depositions can also cause bilateral symmetric polyarthritis. [18] The deposition of amyloid proteins in the bone marrow without causing plasma cell dyscrasias is called amyloidoma. It is commonly found in ...
An amyloid is any of certain insoluble fibrous protein aggregates. Amyloid may also refer to: Amyloid (mycology), a chemical reaction used in characterization of fungi; Amyloid, the Amyloid: the Journal of Protein Folding Disorders peer-reviewed scientific journal
International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms: Journal of Fungi: MDPI (Basel, Switzerland) 2015– Journal of Mycology: Manhattan 1885–1908, replaced by Mycologia: Medical Mycology: Taylor and Francis, Volume 1–23 published as Sabouraudia and Volumes 24–33 published as Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology: 1972– MycoKeys: Pensoft ...
The SAP-amyloid association has also been identified as a possible drug target for anti-amyloid therapy, with the recent development and first stage clinical trials of a compound called CPHPC (R-1-[6-[R-2-carboxy-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-6-oxohexanoyl] pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid), a small molecule able to strip AP from deposits by reducing levels of ...
There is evidence that eating amyloid fibers may lead to amyloidosis. This evidence is based on studies in cattle, chickens, mice, and cheetahs. [ 22 ] Thus, in a sense, SAA amyloidosis may be considered a contagious disease, although whether this occurs or is important in the development of naturally occurring amyloidosis remains unknown.