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  2. Equal Educational Opportunities Act of 1974 - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Equal_Educational...

    The civil rights movement brought about controversies on busing, language rights, desegregation, and the idea of “equal education". [1] The groundwork for the creation of the Equal Educational Opportunities Act first came about with the passage of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, which banned discrimination and racial segregation against African Americans and women.

  3. Affirmative action in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmative_action_in_the...

    And again I mean all Americans." [18]: 40 On July 26, Truman mandated the end of hiring and employment discrimination in the federal government, reaffirming FDR's order of 1941. [18]: 40 He issued two executive orders on July 26, 1948: Executive Order 9980 and Executive Order 9981. Executive Order 9980, named Regulations Governing for ...

  4. Discrimination in education - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Discrimination_in_education

    The United States has always had institutional discrimination, with very high discrimination rates. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] Segregating schools is a way in which low income students may be isolated from higher income students, which causes them to receive a less effective education. [ 39 ]

  5. Outgroup favoritism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outgroup_Favoritism

    Outgroup favoritism is a social psychological construct intended to capture why some socially disadvantaged groups will express favorable attitudes (and even preferences) toward social, cultural, or ethnic groups other than their own. [1]

  6. Affirmative action - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirmative_action

    Some countries use a quota system, reserving a certain percentage of government jobs, political positions, and school vacancies for members of a certain group; an example of this is the reservation system in India. In some other jurisdictions where quotas are not used, minority-group members are given preference or special consideration in ...

  7. Favoritism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Favoritism

    Favoritism or favouritism may refer to: In-group favoritism , a pattern of favoring members of one's own group Cronyism , partiality in awarding advantages to friends or trusted colleagues

  8. Regents of the University of California v. Bakke - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regents_of_the_University...

    The admission to medical school of Patrick Chavis, one of the black doctors admitted under the medical school's affirmative action program instead of Bakke, was widely praised by many notable parties, including Ted Kennedy, The New York Times, and The Nation. As an actual medical doctor, Chavis practiced for 15 years as an Ob/Gyn.

  9. Desegregation in the United States - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Desegregation_in_the...

    San Francisco Unified School District, parents of Chinese American schoolchildren alleged that racial quotas under a 1983 consent decree constituted racial discrimination in violation of the United States Constitution's Equal Protection Clause. The desegregation plan did not allow any school to enroll more than 50% of any ethnic group.