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This model involves examination of the appraisal process as well as examination of how different appraisals influence which emotions are experienced. According to Lazarus (1991), [ 12 ] theories of emotion involve a relational aspect, a motivational aspect, and a cognitive aspect (Lazarus, 1991).
Cognitive appraisal (also called simply 'appraisal') is the subjective interpretation made by an individual to stimuli in the environment. It is a component in a variety of theories relating to stress , mental health , coping , and emotion .
The three components of primary appraisal are goal relevance, goal congruence, and type of ego-involvement. [1] In the primary appraisal stage, an individual first evaluates an event in terms of personal goal relevance [9] If an event is deemed relevant to an individual's personal goals, an emotion is generated; if not, an emotion will not ensue. [9]
Magda B. Arnold posing for Contemporary Psychology journal review (1961) [1] Magda Blondiau Arnold (born Magda Barta-Blondau; December 22, 1903 – October 5, 2002) [2] was a Canadian psychologist who was the first contemporary theorist to develop appraisal theory of emotions, which moved away from "feeling" theories (e.g. James-Lange theory) and "behaviorist" theories (e.g. Cannon-Bard theory ...
Appraisal models of emotion propose that emotions are triggered by specific mental states, each with their own distinct form and function. Like the basic model of emotion, appraisal models suggest that once an emotion is activated, its expression is biologically programmed and manifests consistently whenever that emotion is experienced.
Dimensional models of emotion attempt to conceptualize human emotions by defining where they lie in two or three dimensions. Most dimensional models incorporate valence and arousal or intensity dimensions. Dimensional models of emotion suggest that a common and interconnected neurophysiological system is responsible for all affective states. [10]
Lazarus (1991) defines emotions according to 'core relational themes' which are intuitive summaries of the 'moral appraisals' (e.g. of relevance, goal conduciveness) involved in different emotions. [citation needed] These themes help define both the function and eliciting conditions of the emotion. They include:
The Component Process Model (CPM) is Scherer's major theory of emotions. It regards emotions as the synchronisation of many different cognitive and physiological components. Emotions are identified with the overall process whereby low level cognitive appraisals, in particular the processing of relevance, trigger bodily reactions, behaviours and ...