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The Berta (Bertha) or Funj or Benishangul are an ethnic group living along the border of Sudan and Ethiopia. They speak a Nilo-Saharan language that is not related to those of their Nilo-Saharan neighbors (Gumuz, Uduk). The total population of Ethiopian-Bertas in Ethiopia is 208,759 people. Sudanese-Bertas number around 180,000.
Berti is an extinct Saharan language that was once spoken in northern Sudan, specifically in the Tagabo Hills, Darfur, and Kurdufan. Berti speakers migrated into the region alongside other Nilo-Saharan speakers, such as the Masalit and Daju , who were agriculturalists with varying levels of animal husbandry .
Berta proper, a.k.a. Gebeto, is spoken by the Berta (also Bertha, Barta, Burta) in Sudan and Ethiopia.As of 2006 Berta had approximately 180,000 speakers in Sudan. [2]The three Berta languages, Gebeto, Fadashi and Undu, are often considered dialects of a single language.
The Funj Sultanate, also known as Funjistan, Sultanate of Sennar (after its capital Sennar) or Blue Sultanate (due to the traditional Sudanese convention of referring to black people as blue) [10] (Arabic: السلطنة الزرقاء, romanized: al-Sulṭanah al-Zarqāʼ), [11] was a monarchy in what is now Sudan, northwestern Eritrea and western Ethiopia.
The Masalit people are generally located in the West Darfur region. The Masalit primarily live in Geneina, the capital of West Darfur, though a few thousand also live in Al Qadarif State in eastern Sudan, and in South Darfur. [1] According to Ethnologue, there were 462,000 total Masalit speakers as of 2011, of whom 350,000 resided in Sudan. [1]
The Messiria are the first northern tribes and the first Baggara tribes to suffer from the 'southern war'. The Sudanese government gave the Messiria Arab militia machine guns and ordered them to drive the Nilotic peoples from the Western Upper Nile oil region. They successfully took the Luk Nuer in Bentiu and eastern Jikany Nuer in 1984. [9] [3]
The slave trade between sub-Saharan Africa and the Middle East passed through the slave markets of Chad and Western Sudan, slave-trading was a key component of Chad's historic economy, [4] and this brought people of various ethnicities into Chad. [5] The CIA Factbook estimates the largest ethnic groups as of the 2014-2015 census as: [6]
The Nuba people are indigenous inhabitants of southern Sudan. The Nuba are made up of 50 various indigenous ethnic groups who inhabit the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan state in Sudan, [4] encompassing multiple distinct people that speak different languages which belong to at least two unrelated language families. Estimates of the Nuba ...