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Candida is a genus of yeasts. It is the most common cause of fungal infections worldwide and the largest genus of medically important yeasts. [1] [2] The genus Candida encompasses about 200 species. [2] Many species are harmless commensals or endosymbionts of hosts including humans.
Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any species of the genus Candida (a yeast). [4] When it affects the mouth, in some countries it is commonly called thrush. [3] Signs and symptoms include white patches on the tongue or other areas of the mouth and throat. [3]
Candida albicans is an opportunistic pathogenic yeast [5] that is a common member of the human gut flora.It can also survive outside the human body. [6] [7] It is detected in the gastrointestinal tract and mouth in 40–60% of healthy adults.
Candida tropicalis is a species of yeast in the genus Candida. It is a common pathogen in neutropenic hosts, in whom it may spread through the bloodstream to peripheral organs. [1] For invasive disease, treatments include amphotericin B, echinocandins, or extended-spectrum triazole antifungals. [2]
Listed under the 'Rare Diseases' database on the NIH web site [verification needed], Torulopsis glabrata, or N. glabratus can also be found on the CDC's web site. [6] Although listed as the second most virulent yeast after Candida albicans, the fungus is becoming more and more resistant to common treatments like fluconazole.
Saccharomyces is a genus of fungi that includes many species of yeasts. Saccharomyces is from Greek σάκχαρον (sugar) and μύκης (fungus) and means sugar fungus.Many members of this genus are considered very important in food production where they are known as brewer's yeast, baker's yeast and sourdough starter among others.
Cryptococcus is a genus of fungi in the family Cryptococcaceae that includes both yeasts and filamentous species. The filamentous, sexual forms or teleomorphs were formerly classified in the genus Filobasidiella, while Cryptococcus was reserved for the yeasts. Most yeast species formerly referred to Cryptococcus have
Meyerozyma guilliermondii (formerly known as Pichia guilliermondii until its rename in 2010) is a species of yeast of the genus Meyerozyma whose asexual or anamorphic form is known as Candida guilliermondii. Candida guilliermondii has been isolated from numerous human infections, mostly of cutaneous origin, if only from immunosuppressed patients.