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The Rubin vase illusion, where it is ambiguous which part is the figure and which the ground Shapes which can be read as a word once the viewer recognises them as being the isolated negative spaces of a word. Figure–ground organization is a type of perceptual grouping that is a vital necessity for recognizing objects through vision.
A version of Rubin's vase. The Rubin vase (sometimes known as Rubin's vase, the Rubin face or the figure–ground vase) is a famous example of ambiguous or bi-stable (i.e., reversing) two-dimensional forms developed around 1915 by the Danish psychologist Edgar Rubin.
Figure and ground (media), a concept developed by media theorist Marshall McLuhan; Figure–ground (perception), referring to humans' ability to separate foreground from background in visual images. Figure-ground perception is one of the main issues in gestalt psychology. Figure-ground in map design, the ability to easily discriminate the main ...
Like figure-ground organization, perceptual grouping (sometimes called perceptual segregation) [31] is a form of perceptual organization. [16] Perceptual grouping is the process that determines how organisms perceive some parts of their perceptual fields as being more related than others, [16] using such information for object detection. [31]
The figure-ground theory of urban design and urban morphology is based upon the use of figure ground studies. It relates the amount of "figure" to the amount of "ground" in a figure-ground diagram, and approaches urban design as a manipulation of that relationship, as well as being a manipulation of the geometric shapes within the diagram.
Reversible figures and vase, or the figure-ground illusion Rabbit–duck illusion. To make sense of the world it is necessary to organize incoming sensations into information which is meaningful. Gestalt psychologists believe one way this is done is by perceiving individual sensory stimuli as a meaningful whole. [21]
Alternately, the idea of "figure" can also refer to content of a particular medium, while "ground" refers to the medium itself. McLuhan's aphorism "The medium is the message" can thus be read as an attempt to draw attention away from a preoccupation with the figure/message to a consideration of the importance of the ground/medium.
Form perception is the recognition of visual elements of objects, specifically those to do with shapes, patterns and previously identified important characteristics. An object is perceived by the retina as a two-dimensional image, [1] but the image can vary for the same object in terms of the context with which it is viewed, the apparent size of the object, the angle from which it is viewed ...