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Dis Pater (/ ˌ d ɪ s ˈ p eɪ t ər /; Latin: [diːs patɛr]; genitive Ditis Patris), otherwise known as Rex Infernus or Pluto, is a Roman god of the underworld. Dis was originally associated with fertile agricultural land and mineral wealth, and since those minerals came from underground, he was later equated with the chthonic deities Pluto ...
Orcus was a god of the underworld, punisher of broken oaths in Etruscan and Roman mythology. As with Hades, the name of the god was also used for the underworld itself. Eventually, he was conflated with Dis Pater and Pluto. A temple to Orcus may once have existed on the Palatine Hill in Rome
Pluto was also identified with the obscure Roman Orcus, like Hades the name of both a god of the underworld and the underworld as a place. Pluto ( Pluton in French and German, Plutone in Italian) becomes the most common name for the classical ruler of the underworld in subsequent Western literature and other art forms .
The Roman deities most widely known today are those the Romans identified with Greek counterparts, integrating Greek myths, iconography, and sometimes religious practices into Roman culture, including Latin literature, Roman art, and religious life as it was experienced throughout the Roman Empire. Many of the Romans' own gods remain obscure ...
Religious sites and rituals for the di inferi were properly outside the pomerium, Rome's sacred boundary, as were tombs. [11] Horse racing along with the propitiation of underworld gods was characteristic of "old and obscure" Roman festivals such as the Consualia, the October Horse, the Taurian Games, and sites in the Campus Martius such as the Tarentum and the Trigarium.
In artistic depictions, Hades is typically portrayed holding a bident [5] and wearing his helm with Cerberus, the three-headed guard-dog of the underworld, standing at his side. Roman-era mythographers eventually equated the Etruscan god Aita [6] and the Roman gods Dis Pater and Orcus with Hades and merged all these figures into Pluto, a ...
A relief from grave of Lysimachides, 320 BC. Two men and two women sit together as Charon, the ferryman of the Underworld, approaches to take him to the land of the dead.. In Greek mythology, deities referred to as chthonic (/ ˈ θ ɒ n ɪ k /) or chthonian (/ ˈ θ oʊ n i ə n /) [a] were gods or spirits who inhabited the underworld or existed in or under the earth, and were typically ...
In Roman mythology, Somnus ("sleep") is the personification of sleep. [1] His Greek counterpart is Hypnos. [2] Somnus resided in the underworld. According to Virgil, Somnus was the brother of Death , [3] and according to Ovid, Somnus had a 'thousand' sons, [4] the Somnia ('dream shapes'), who appear in dreams 'mimicking many forms'. [5]