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Paraphrenia is often associated with a physical change in the brain, such as a tumor, stroke, ventricular enlargement, or neurodegenerative process. [4] Research that reviewed the relationship between organic brain lesions and the development of delusions suggested that "brain lesions which lead to subcortical dysfunction could produce delusions when elaborated by an intact cortex".
People may wish to take naps during the day, but unintentionally getting too much sleep will affect nighttime sleep. Physical activity is a treatment for Alzheimer's and a way to encourage night sleep. [5] Caffeine is a (fast-working) brain stimulant, but should be limited at night if a night's sleep is needed. [4] [5] [10]
Delirium (formerly acute confusional state, an ambiguous term that is now discouraged) [1] is a specific state of acute confusion attributable to the direct physiological consequence of a medical condition, effects of a psychoactive substance, or multiple causes, which usually develops over the course of hours to days.
Peduncular hallucinosis is more common in patients with a long duration of Parkinson's disease and also with a long treatment history, depression, and cognitive impairment. [4] Paranoid delusions are common in these patients even though the hallucinations can occur during clear sensorium .
The cause of delusional disorder is unknown, [8] but genetic, biochemical, and environmental factors may play a significant role in its development. [ better source needed ] Some people with delusional disorders may have an imbalance in neurotransmitters , the chemicals that send and receive messages to the brain. [ 18 ]
Half of patients experience more than one kind of delusion. [2] Delusions occur without hallucinations in about one-half to two-thirds of patients with psychotic depression. [2] Hallucinations can be auditory, visual, olfactory (smell), or tactile (touch), and are congruent with delusional material. [2] Affect is sad, not flat.
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When a person struggles to fall asleep or stay asleep with no obvious cause, it is referred to as insomnia, [2] which is the most common sleep disorder. [3] Others include sleep apnea , narcolepsy and hypersomnia (excessive sleepiness at inappropriate times), sleeping sickness (disruption of sleep cycle due to infection), sleepwalking , and ...