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Newborn infants have low stores of vitamin K, and human breast milk has low concentrations of the vitamin. This combination can lead to vitamin K deficiency and later onset bleeding. Vitamin K deficiency leads to the risk of blood coagulation problems due to impaired production of clotting factors II, VII, IX, X, protein C and protein S by the ...
[2] [3] Vitamin K injections are administered to newborns as a preventative measure to reduce the risk of hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (HDN). [ 4 ] [ 5 ] The coagulation pathway helps the body stop active bleeds by using vitamin K dependent clotting factors (factors II, VII, IX, and X) which are synthesized by the liver.
Phytomenadione, also known as vitamin K 1 or phylloquinone, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement. [4] [5] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [6] It is used to treat certain bleeding disorders, [5] including warfarin overdose, vitamin K deficiency, and obstructive jaundice. [5]
Babies receive a shot of vitamin K after birth to prevent life-threatening bleeding. But more parents are refusing the injection. The trend is alarming doctors.
Fetal warfarin syndrome is a disorder of the embryo which occurs in a child whose mother took the medication warfarin (brand name: Coumadin) during pregnancy.Resulting abnormalities include low birth weight, slower growth, intellectual disability, deafness, small head size, and malformed bones, cartilage, and joints.
4-Amino-2-methyl-1-naphthol HCl salt is a vitamin K and prevents bleeding caused by vitamin K deficiency when given via intravenous or intramuscular injections at doses of about 1–3 mg. HCl salt is water-soluble and its parenteral administration requires no emulsifiers [6] [7] unlike fat-soluble phylloquinone for example, which is often in formulations with lecithin or glycocholic acid. [8]
Vitamin K is a family of structurally similar, fat-soluble vitamers found in foods and marketed as dietary supplements. [1] The human body requires vitamin K for post-synthesis modification of certain proteins that are required for blood coagulation ("K" from Danish koagulation, for "coagulation") or for controlling binding of calcium in bones and other tissues. [2]
Vitamin K 1-deficiency may occur by disturbed intestinal uptake (such as would occur in a bile duct obstruction), by therapeutic or accidental intake of a vitamin K 1-antagonist such as warfarin, or, very rarely, by nutritional vitamin K 1 deficiency. As a result, Gla-residues are inadequately formed and the Gla-proteins are insufficiently active.