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To correct for phase errors, a tint control is provided on NTSC television sets, which allows the user to manually adjust the phase relationship between the color information in the video and the reference for decoding the color information, known as the "color burst", so that correct colors may be displayed. [1]
Color adjustment Commands that control color temperature, hue, and saturation. Geometry adjustment Commands for adjusting CRT display geometry, such as parallelogram, pincushion, etc. Image adjustment Various general commands such as display orientation, degauss, gamma, zoom, focus, brightness/contrast, backlight control, etc. [a]
In general, all test pattern with a color bar, that includes red, green, blue, and the complementary colors cyan, magenta and yellow can be used to adjust hue and saturation in blue only mode. Particularly often the SMPTE test pattern or the HD version of the SMPTE is used for hue and saturation adjustment.
The most common form of calibration aims at adjusting cameras, scanners, monitors, and printers for photographic reproduction. The aim is that a printed copy of a photograph appears identical in saturation and dynamic range to the original or a source file on a computer display. This means that three independent calibrations need to be performed:
A color profile file for a monitor will typically contain two parts: [8] The VCGT/LUT part, which does white point correction, and is applied to the screen as a whole. The gamma+matrix part, which does gamma/hue/saturation correction, and has to be applied by individual color-managed applications.
Color management is the process of ensuring consistent and accurate colors across various devices, such as monitors, printers, and cameras.It involves the use of color profiles, which are standardized descriptions of how colors should be displayed or reproduced.
Color matching software, such as Apple's ColorSync Utility for MacOS, measures a monitor's color temperature and then adjusts its settings accordingly. This enables on-screen color to more closely match printed color. Common monitor color temperatures, along with matching standard illuminants in parentheses, are as follows: 5000 K (CIE D50)
Color constancy is, in turn, related to chromatic adaptation. Conceptually, color balancing consists of two steps: first, determining the illuminant under which an image was captured; and second, scaling the components (e.g., R, G, and B) of the image or otherwise transforming the components so they conform to the viewing illuminant.