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  2. Mandelbrot set - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mandelbrot_set

    The Mandelbrot set (/ ˈmændəlbroʊt, - brɒt /) [1][2] is a two-dimensional set with a relatively simple definition that exhibits great complexity, especially as it is magnified. It is popular for its aesthetic appeal and fractal structures. The set is defined in the complex plane as the complex numbers for which the function does not ...

  3. Convergence tests - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_tests

    If r < 1, then the series converges absolutely. If r > 1, then the series diverges. If r = 1, the root test is inconclusive, and the series may converge or diverge. The root test is stronger than the ratio test: whenever the ratio test determines the convergence or divergence of an infinite series, the root test does too, but not conversely. [1]

  4. Autostereogram - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autostereogram

    The top and bottom images produce a dent or projection depending on whether viewed with cross- () or wall- () eyed vergence. An autostereogram is a two-dimensional (2D) image that can create the optical illusion of a three-dimensional (3D) scene. Autostereograms use only one image to accomplish the effect while normal stereograms require two.

  5. Ratio test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ratio_test

    In mathematics, the ratio test is a test (or "criterion") for the convergence of a series. where each term is a real or complex number and an is nonzero when n is large. The test was first published by Jean le Rond d'Alembert and is sometimes known as d'Alembert's ratio test or as the Cauchy ratio test. [1]

  6. Dirichlet's test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dirichlet's_test

    e. In mathematics, Dirichlet's test is a method of testing for the convergence of a series. It is named after its author Peter Gustav Lejeune Dirichlet, and was published posthumously in the Journal de Mathématiques Pures et Appliquées in 1862. [1]

  7. Convergence proof techniques - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convergence_proof_techniques

    Convergence proof techniques. Convergence proof techniques are canonical patterns of mathematical proofs that sequences or functions converge to a finite limit when the argument tends to infinity. There are many types of sequences and modes of convergence, and different proof techniques may be more appropriate than others for proving each type ...

  8. Prism fusion range - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_fusion_range

    Prism fusion range. The prism fusion range (PFR) or fusional vergence amplitude is a clinical eye test performed by orthoptists, optometrists, and ophthalmologists to assess motor fusion, specifically the extent to which a patient can maintain binocular single vision (BSV) in the presence of increasing vergence demands.

  9. Bolzano–Weierstrass theorem - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bolzano–Weierstrass_theorem

    In mathematics, specifically in real analysis, the Bolzano–Weierstrass theorem, named after Bernard Bolzano and Karl Weierstrass, is a fundamental result about convergence in a finite-dimensional Euclidean space . The theorem states that each infinite bounded sequence in has a convergent subsequence. [1] An equivalent formulation is that a ...