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This epidemic curve shows a presumed first case, known as the index case on November 6, 1978. 4 days later, there was a steep increase in cases, followed by the curve tapering down to zero. Some cases were food handlers, and some secondary cases. It showed that this is probably a common source outbreak.
In epidemiology, the attack rate is the proportion of an at-risk population that contracts the disease during a specified time interval. [1] It is used in hypothetical predictions and during actual outbreaks of disease.
The CDC recommendation is either a single oral dose (1 gram) of azithromycin, a single IM dose (250 mg) of ceftriaxone, oral (500 mg) of erythromycin three times a day for seven days, or oral (500 mg) of ciprofloxacin twice a day for three days. No Varicella zoster virus (VZV) Chickenpox
the progress of the infection is constrained by the amount of tissue that remains to be infected; and; if it were not so constrained, the extent of infection would exhibit exponential growth. There is a single model parameter r, which is the apparent infection rate. It can be calculated analytically using the formula
After the incubation period is over, the host enters the symptomatic period. Moreover, at a certain point in time after infection, the host becomes capable of transmitting pathogens to others, i.e. they become infectious or communicable. [3] Depending on the disease, the host individual may or may not be infectious during the incubation period. [3]
A titre has significance only if it is greatly elevated (> 200), but a rise in titre demonstrated in paired blood samples taken days apart is more informative for diagnosis. The antibody levels begin to rise after 1 to 3 weeks of strep infection, peaks in 3 to 5 weeks and falls back to insignificant levels in 6 months.
14 days [23] 18 days Norovirus: 1 day [24] 2 days Pertussis (whooping cough) 7 days [25] 14 days Polio: 7 days [26] 14 days Rabies: 1 months, but may vary from <1 week to rarely >1 year. [27] [28] 3 months Rocky Mountain spotted fever: 2 days [29] 14 days Roseola: 5 days [30] 15 days Rubella (German measles) 14 days [31] 21 days Salmonella: 12 ...
A transfusion transmitted infection (TTI) is a virus, parasite, or other potential pathogen that can be transmitted in donated blood through a transfusion to a recipient. The term is usually limited to known pathogens, but also sometimes includes agents such as simian foamy virus which are not known to cause disease.