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Hexahydrocannabinol (HHC) is a hydrogenated derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol (THC). It is a naturally occurring phytocannabinoid that has rarely been identified as a trace component in Cannabis sativa, [1] [2] but can also be produced synthetically by firstly acid cyclization of cannabidiol and then hydrogenation of tetrahydrocannabinol.
HHC-acetate (Hexahydrocannabinol-O-acetate, HHC-O) is a semi-synthetic cannabinoid derivative which has been marketed since around 2022. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] It is believed to be made in a three step process from cannabidiol extracted from hemp . [ 3 ]
JWH-018, CP 47,497 and the C6, C8, and C9 homologues of CP 47,497 have been illegal in Germany since January 22, 2009. [ 130 ] [ 131 ] Since November 26, 2016, about 80–90% of the substances belonging to the group of synthetic cannabinoids are illegal in Germany as the law does not cover all chemical structures.
Cannabis in Germany has been legal for recreational usage by adults (aged 18 and over [1]) in a limited capacity since 1 April 2024, making it the ninth country in the world to legalise the drug. As of February 2024, it has been assessed that 4.5 million Germans use cannabis.
In October 2021, researchers at Johns Hopkins University reported over 2,000 unknown chemicals in the vape clouds that they tested from Vuse, Juul, Blu and Mi-Salt vape devices. [171] In 2019–2020, there was an outbreak of vaping-related lung illness in the US and Canada, primarily related to vaping THC with vitamin E acetate. [172] [173]
While 11-OH-HHC and its downstream products are the major metabolites of HHC metabolism, hydroxylation at C8 plays a varyingly significant role in animal species. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Metabolite ratios are also subject to interspecies variation, with one study finding mice hepatocytes preferentially produced 8α-OH-HHC (49/5 α/β) while hamster ...
9-Hydroxyhexahydrocannabinol (9-OH-HHC) is a semi-synthetic derivative of tetrahydrocannabinol. It is formed as an impurity in the synthesis of Delta-8-THC , [ 1 ] and retains activity in animal studies though with only around 1/10 the potency of Δ 9 -THC, with the 9α- and 9β- enantiomers having around the same potency.
Veev (stylised as VEEV) is a brand of electronic cigarettes (e-vapor products) manufactured by Philip Morris International (PMI). The Veev originated as an element of the broader Iqos portfolio, under the name Mesh.