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In Foucault's 1862 experiment, he desired to obtain an accurate absolute value for the speed of light, since his concern was to deduce an improved value for the astronomical unit. [2] [Note 4] At the time, Foucault was working at the Paris Observatory under Urbain le Verrier. It was le Verrier's belief, based on extensive celestial mechanics ...
Key to Bentham's proposals and efforts to build a panopticon prison in Millbank at his own expense, was the "means of extracting labour" out of prisoners in the panopticon. [11] In his 1791 writing Panopticon, or The Inspection House, Bentham reasoned that those working fixed hours needed to be overseen. [12]
The optical axis of the prism material is perpendicular to the plane of the diagram. A Glan–Foucault prism (also called a Glan–air prism ) is a type of prism which is used as a polarizer . It is similar in construction to a Glan–Thompson prism , except that two right-angled calcite prisms are spaced with an air gap instead of being ...
Foucault uses the term heterotopia (French: hétérotopie) to describe spaces that have more layers of meaning or relationships to other places than immediately meet the eye. In general, a heterotopia is a physical representation or approximation of a utopia, or a parallel space (such as a prison) that contains undesirable bodies to make a real ...
Jean Bernard Léon Foucault (UK: / ʒ ɒ̃ ˈ b ɛər n ɑːr ˌ l eɪ ɒ̃ ˈ f uː k oʊ /, US: / ˌ ʒ ɒ̃ b ɛər ˈ n ɑːr l eɪ ˌ ɒ̃ f uː ˈ k oʊ /; French: [ʒɑ̃ bɛʁnaʁ leɔ̃ fuko]; 18 September 1819 – 11 February 1868) was a French physicist best known for his demonstration of the Foucault pendulum, a device demonstrating ...
Foucault first used the phrase "carceral archipelago" to describe the penal institution at Mettray, France.Foucault said that Mettray was the "most famous of a whole series of institutions which, well beyond the frontiers of criminal law, constituted what one might call the carceral archipelago."
Croft was born at Dunston Park, Berkshire, son of the son of Herbert Croft and Elizabeth Young. He matriculated at University College, Oxford, in March 1771, and was subsequently entered at Lincoln's Inn. He was called to the bar, but in 1782 returned to Oxford with a view to preparing for holy orders.
Foucault test setup to measure a mirror. The Foucault knife-edge test is an optical test to accurately measure the shape of concave curved mirrors. It is commonly used by amateur telescope makers for figuring primary mirrors in reflecting telescopes. It uses a relatively simple, inexpensive apparatus compared to other testing techniques.