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Solar barques were the vessels used by the sun god Ra in ancient Egyptian mythology.During the day, Ra was said to use a vessel called the Mandjet (Ancient Egyptian: mꜥnḏt) or the Boat of Millions of Years (Ancient Egyptian: wjꜣ-n-ḥḥw), and the vessel he used during the night was known as the Mesektet (Ancient Egyptian: msktt).
The full-sized ships or boats were buried near ancient Egyptian pyramids or temples at many sites. The history and function of the ships are not precisely known. They are most commonly created as a "solar barge", a ritual vessel to carry the resurrected king with the sun god Ra across the heavens.
As the Sun god one of his duties was to carry the Sun cross the sky on his solar barque to light the day. But when the sun set and twilight came he and his vessel passes through the akhet, the horizon, in the west, and travels to the underworld. [8] At times the horizon is described as a gate or door that leads to the Duat.
Heracles in the golden cup-boat of the sun god Helios, 480 BC. Solar boats and similar vessels also appear in Indo-European mythologies, such as a 'hundred-oared ship' of Surya in the Rig Veda, the golden boat of Saulė in Baltic mythology, and the golden bowl of Helios in Greek mythology.
Model of the Khufu ship in the Giza Solar boat museum, with the deck removed, showing the rope stitching that holds the planks together. The ship was one of two [2] rediscovered in 1954 by Kamal el-Mallakh—undisturbed since it was sealed into a pit carved out of the Giza bedrock.
The Abydos boats are the predecessors of the great solar boats of later dynasties upon which the pharaoh joined the sun god Ra and together journeyed down the sacred Nile during the day. [11] They would have had many of the important attributes and metaphors that were attached to the solar barques of later dynasties, and indeed perhaps should ...
Helios' journey on a chariot during the day and travel with a boat in the ocean at night possibly reflects the Egyptian sun god Ra sailing across the skies in a barque to be reborn at dawn each morning anew; additionally, both gods, being associated with the sun, were seen as the "Eye of Heaven". [23]
In this context, he is believed to be an enemy of the sun god, [4] and Re is said to have built his sun boats to be able to be pushed by the wind in order to escape Nehebkau's many coils. [2] Nehebkau was later honoured [3] among other dangerous gods as one of the 42 judges in the Court of Maat, [4] judging the innocence of deceased souls. [1]