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The Kipchak–Cuman confederation spoke a Turkic language (Kipchak languages, Cuman language) [26] whose most important surviving record is the Codex Cumanicus, a late 13th-century dictionary of words in Kipchak, Cuman, and Latin.
The Cuman–Kipchaks used dung for fires when firewood was not available. The Cumans had very strict rules (taboos) against theft, and thus would, without prohibition, loosen their horses, camels, and livestock (sheep, oxen) without shepherds or guards when they were stationary. The law of blood vengeance was common among the Cuman–Kipchaks ...
Cumania was known in Islamic sources as Dasht-i Qipchaq, which means "Steppe of the Kipchaks" or "Plain of the Kipchaks" in Persian, [1] and al-Qumāniyīn in Arabic. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] Russian sources have referred to Cumania as the "Polovtsian Steppe " ( Polovetskaia Step ), or the "Polovtsian Plain " ( Pole Polovetskoe ).
Khan Bachman’s death was a major blow to the Cuman-Kipchaks’ fate [36] Sultan Baibars ("white bigcat-Siberian Tiger"/"leopard" in Turkic), fourth Sultan of Egypt from the Mamluk Bahri dynasty. He was one of the commanders of the Egyptian forces that inflicted a devastating defeat on the Seventh Crusade of King Louis IX of France.
The Cumans-Kipchaks in Georgia are of an ancient nomadic Turkic people who inhabited large territories from Central Asia to Eastern Europe.The Cuman-Kipchak confederation played a significant role in the history of many nations in the region, including Georgia.
Cuman or Kuman (also called Kipchak, Qypchaq or Polovtsian, self referred to as Tatar (tatar til) in Codex Cumanicus) [4] was a West Kipchak Turkic language spoken by the Cumans (Polovtsy, Folban, Vallany, Kun) and Kipchaks; the language was similar to today's various languages of the West Kipchak branch.
Under pressure from joint assaults by Cuman/Kipchaks and their linguistic Oghuz cousins of the Kimek Khaganate, and taking advantage of the weakness of the Khazar Kaganate, the Pecheneg moved through its territory to the west, bringing destruction to the settled populations of Bulgars and Alans in the N.Caucasus. [18]
An Arabic source – Al-Nuwayri – calls his people Kipchaks; Kutan is mentioned as belonging to the Durut tribe of the Kipchaks. [5] According to Pritsak, "Durut" was the Terter tribe of the Cumans. [5] As Old Russian annals narrate, his brother was Somogur (Сомогоуръ), both belonged to the "Sutoevič" clan, according to the source.