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Aluminium sulfate is rarely, if ever, encountered as the anhydrous salt. It forms a number of different hydrates, of which the hexadecahydrate Al 2 (SO 4) 3 ·16H 2 O and octadecahydrate Al 2 (SO 4) 3 ·18H 2 O are the most common. The heptadecahydrate, whose formula can be written as [Al(H 2 O) 6] 2 (SO 4) 3 ·5H 2 O, occurs naturally as the ...
The oxidation states are also maintained in articles of the elements (of course), and systematically in the table {{Infobox element/symbol-to-oxidation-state}} See also [ edit ]
The only stable chalcogenides under normal conditions are aluminium sulfide (Al 2 S 3), selenide (Al 2 Se 3), and telluride (Al 2 Te 3). All three are prepared by direct reaction of their elements at about 1,000 °C (1,832 °F) and quickly hydrolyse completely in water to yield aluminium hydroxide and the respective hydrogen chalcogenide .
Aluminium is rarely found in its +1 oxidation state in nature due to the immense stability of the +3 oxidation state. Rotational transitions of AlF and AlCl have been detected in circumstellar shells near IRC +10216. [9] [13] The presence of AlF suggests that fluorine is produced in helium shell flashes instead of explosive nucleosynthesis. [13]
The lowest oxidation state is −5, as for boron in Al 3 BC [3] and gallium in pentamagnesium digallide (Mg 5 Ga 2). In Stock nomenclature, which is commonly used for inorganic compounds, the oxidation state is represented by a Roman numeral placed after the element name inside parentheses or as a superscript after the element symbol, e.g. Iron ...
Al 0 Aluminium chloride: Solid AlCl 3: −705.63 Aluminium oxide: Solid Al 2 O 3: −1675.5 Aluminium hydroxide: Solid Al(OH) 3: −1277 Aluminium sulphate: Solid Al 2 (SO 4) 3: −3440 Barium chloride: Solid BaCl 2: −858.6 Barium carbonate: Solid BaCO 3: −1216 Barium hydroxide: Solid Ba(OH) 2: −944.7 Barium oxide: Solid BaO −548.1 ...
For example, in dichloromethane, CH 2 Cl 2, carbon has valence 4 but oxidation state 0. *** Iron oxides appear in a crystal structure, so no typical molecule can be identified. In ferrous oxide, Fe has oxidation state +2; in ferric oxide, oxidation state +3.
Chemically, aluminium is a post-transition metal in the boron group; as is common for the group, aluminium forms compounds primarily in the +3 oxidation state. The aluminium cation Al 3+ is small and highly charged; as such, it has more polarizing power, and bonds formed by aluminium have a more covalent character. The strong affinity of ...