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Advanced Placement (AP) Biology (also known as AP Bio) is an Advanced Placement biology course and exam offered by the College Board in the United States. For the 2012–2013 school year, the College Board unveiled a new curriculum with a greater focus on "scientific practices".
Cellular compartments in cell biology comprise all of the closed parts within the cytosol of a eukaryotic cell, usually surrounded by a single or double lipid layer membrane. These compartments are often, but not always, defined as membrane-bound organelles. The formation of cellular compartments is called compartmentalization.
Light micrograph of a moss's leaf cells at 400X magnification. The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to cell biology: . Cell biology – A branch of biology that includes study of cells regarding their physiological properties, structure, and function; the organelles they contain; interactions with their environment; and their life cycle, division, and death.
Gross anatomy – study of anatomy at the macroscopic level; Histology – also known as microscopic anatomy or microanatomy, the branch of biology which studies the microscopic anatomy of biological tissues. Neuroanatomy – the study of the nervous system. Osteology – study of bones. Radiographic anatomy – study of anatomy through radiography
Prokaryotes have fewer organelles than eukaryotes. Both have plasma membranes and ribosomes (structures that synthesize proteins [clarification needed] and float free in cytoplasm). Two unique characteristics of prokaryotes are fimbriae (finger-like projections on the surface of a cell) and flagella (threadlike structures that aid movement). [2]
This mitochondria-related organelle within it is observed to have genes encoding for metabolic functions such as amino acid metabolism. However, these mitochondria-related organelles lack the key features of typical mitochondria found in closely related aerobic Myxobolus squamalus.
However, cellular organelles can be damaged when the photon energy produces chemical and molecular changes rather than being re-emitted. [35] It is believed that the primary culprit in the light-induced toxicity experienced by live cells is a result of free radicals produced by the excitation of fluorescent molecules. [32]
AP Bio may refer to: A.P. Bio , an American comedy television series created by Mike O'Brien for NBC AP Biology , an Advanced Placement biology course and exam offered by the College Board in the United States