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Complement-dependent cytotoxicity (CDC) is an effector function of IgG and IgM antibodies.When they are bound to surface antigen on target cell (e.g. bacterial or viral infected cell), the classical complement pathway is triggered by bonding protein C1q to these antibodies, resulting in formation of a membrane attack complex (MAC) and target cell lysis.
Immunoglobulin M (IgM) is the largest of several isotypes of antibodies (also known as immunoglobulin) that are produced by vertebrates.IgM is the first antibody to appear in the response to initial exposure to an antigen; [1] [2] causing it to also be called an acute phase antibody.
Immunoglobulin therapy is the use of a mixture of antibodies (normal human immunoglobulin) to treat several health conditions. [13] [14] These conditions include primary immunodeficiency, immune thrombocytopenic purpura, chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, Kawasaki disease, certain cases of HIV/AIDS and measles, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and certain other infections when a ...
Sintilimab (IBI308), a human anti-PD-1 antibody developed by Innovent and Eli Lilly for patients with non-small cell lung cancer . [27] INCMGA00012 (MGA012) is a humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody developed by Incyte and MacroGenics. [28] AMP-224 by AstraZeneca/MedImmune and GlaxoSmithKline [29] AMP-514 (MEDI0680) by AstraZeneca [30]
A pentamer is an entity composed of five subunits. In chemistry, it applies to molecules made of five monomers . In biochemistry, it applies to macromolecules, particularly pentameric proteins , made of five protein sub-units.
Five sub-units come together to form a channel. Each channel consist of two alpha chain, one beta, one gamma and one delta chain.These five chains assemble together (along with certain receptors like protons or acetylcholine) forming the structure of the channel. [1]
Polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) are antibodies that are secreted by different B cell lineages within the body (whereas monoclonal antibodies come from a single cell lineage). ). They are a collection of immunoglobulin molecules that react against a specific antigen, each identifying a different ep
The immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin). In human genome, the IgH gene loci are on chromosome 14. A typical antibody is composed of two immunoglobulin (Ig) heavy chains and two Ig light chains. Several different types of heavy chain exist that define the class or isotype of an ...