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Birch dieback is a disease of birch trees that causes the branches in the crown to die off. The disease may eventually kill the tree. In an event in the Eastern United States and Canada in the 1930s and 1940s, no causal agent was found, but the wood-boring beetle, the bronze birch borer, was implicated in the severe damage and death of the tree that often followed.
An early sign is what looks like a bleeding spot on the tree. A reddish-brown fluid will ooze from the wound site, giving it this appearance. Later, perithecia will form around the dead spot, which is another sign of the disease. [1] [2] Symptoms of beech bark disease can be observed in the foliage and on the bole of the tree. Foliage may ...
Fomitopsis betulina (previously Piptoporus betulinus), commonly known as the birch polypore, birch bracket, or razor strop, is a common bracket fungus and, as the name suggests, grows almost exclusively on birch trees. The brackets burst out from the bark of the tree, and these fruit bodies can last for more than a year.
Betula papyrifera (paper birch, [5] also known as (American) white birch [5] and canoe birch [5]) is a short-lived species of birch native to northern North America. Paper birch is named after the tree's thin white bark, which often peels in paper -like layers from the trunk.
Witch's brooms on downy birch, caused by the fungus Taphrina betulina Witch's broom on a white pine. Witch's broom in Yamaska National Park, QC. Witch's broom or witches' broom is a deformity in a woody plant, typically a tree, where the natural structure of the plant is changed.
These leaves usually fall before the normal leaves grow elsewhere on the tree. [3] There can be several witches broom in a tree. [4] Witches broom, formed by Taphrina betulina can be found on dwarf birch (Betula nana), Betula nana x pubescens, silver birch (Betula pendula), downy birch (Betula pubescens) and Betula pubescens var.glabrata. [1]
Slime flux, also known as bacterial slime or bacterial wetwood, is a bacterial disease of certain trees, primarily elm, cottonwood, poplar, boxelder, ash, aspen, fruitless mulberry and oak. A wound to the bark, caused by pruning, insects, poor branch angles or natural cracks and splits, causes sap to ooze from the wound. Bacteria may infect ...
Despite this, the borers can still damage the trees if they are weakened by other means. Between about 1930 and 1950, many gray birch trees, along with paper birch and yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis), were weakened by birch dieback disease, which allowed for the bronze birch borer to attack and kill the trees. [11]