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Globally, the civilian casualty ratio often hovers around 50%. It is sometimes stated that 90% of victims of modern wars are civilians, [13] but that is a myth. [2] [4]In 1989, William Eckhardt studied casualties of conflicts from 1700 to 1987 and found that "the civilian percentage share of war-related deaths remained at about 50% from century to century."
A civilian casualty occurs when a civilian is killed or injured by non-civilians, mostly law enforcement officers, military personnel, rebel group forces, or terrorists. Under the law of war, it refers to civilians who perish or suffer wounds as a result of wartime acts. The term is generally applied to situations in which violence is committed ...
Civilian casualties as a percentage of overall deaths were highest in Yemen and lowest in Somalia. [7] The New America figures report that: The first known U.S. drone strike in Pakistan was June 19, 2004, and the most recent U.S. drone strike as of the report's publication was in Pakistan on July 4, 2018.
Also called resource cost advantage. The ability of a party (whether an individual, firm, or country) to produce a greater quantity of a good, product, or service than competitors using the same amount of resources. absorption The total demand for all final marketed goods and services by all economic agents resident in an economy, regardless of the origin of the goods and services themselves ...
For stats on this and U.S. military deaths in foreign locations, see United States military casualties of war and list of battles with most United States military fatalities. Due to inflation , the monetary damage estimates are not comparable.
The word "casualty" has been used since 1844 in civilian life. [1] In civilian usage, a casualty is a person who is killed, wounded or incapacitated by some event; the term is usually used to describe multiple deaths and injuries due to violent incidents or disasters .
A U.S. Army Inspector General estimated that there were 5,000 to 7,000 civilian casualties from the operation. [5] The My Lai massacre and Sơn Thắng massacre both initially reported women and children killed as "enemy combatants". Former marine officer and later war-time correspondent Philip Caputo in the book A Rumor of War noted:
2009 Joint Chiefs of Staff memo CJCSI 3160-01, which described the NCV. Non-combatant casualty value (NCV), also known as the non-combatant and civilian casualty cut-off value (NCV or NCCV), is a military rule of engagement which provides an estimate of the worth placed on the lives of non-combatants, i.e. civilians or non-military individuals within a conflict zone.