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The Trojan Battle Order or Trojan Catalogue is an epic catalogue in the second book of the Iliad [1] listing the allied contingents that fought for Troy in the Trojan War.The catalogue is noted for its deficit of detail compared to the immediately preceding Catalogue of Ships, which lists the Greek contingents, and for the fact that only a few of the many Trojans mentioned in the Iliad appear ...
Map of Homeric Greece. In the debate since antiquity over the Catalogue of Ships, the core questions have concerned the extent of historical credibility of the account, whether it was composed by Homer himself, to what extent it reflects a pre-Homeric document or memorized tradition, surviving perhaps in part from Mycenaean times, or whether it is a result of post-Homeric development. [2]
Mary Lefkowitz discusses the relevance of divine action in the Iliad, attempting to answer the question of whether divine intervention is a discrete occurrence (for its own sake) or if such godly behaviors are mere human character metaphors. [21]
The tales told in the Cycle are recounted by other ancient sources, [7] notably Virgil's Aeneid (book 2), which recounts the sack of Troy from a Trojan perspective, and Ovid's Metamorphoses (books 13–14), which describes the Greeks' landing at Troy (from the Cypria) and the judgment of Achilles' arms (Little Iliad).
Hermes, messenger of the gods, leads Priam into Achilles' camp in book 24. Iris, messenger of Zeus and Hera. Poseidon, god of the sea and earthquake, brother of Zeus. Curses Odysseus. Scamander, river god who fought on the side of the Trojans during the Trojan War; Thetis, a sea nymph or goddess. Mother of Achilles, wife of Peleus.
In The World of Odysseus, Finley presents a picture of the society represented by the Iliad and the Odyssey, avoiding the question as "beside the point that the narrative is a collection of fictions from beginning to end". [14]: 9 Finley was in a minority when his World of Odysseus first appeared in 1954. With the understanding that war was the ...
The Homeric Question concerns the doubts and consequent debate over the identity of Homer, the authorship of the Iliad and Odyssey, and their historicity (especially concerning the Iliad). The subject has its roots in classical antiquity and the scholarship of the Hellenistic period , but has flourished among Homeric scholars of the 19th, 20th ...
Conversely, Lachmann's 1847 Betrachtungen über Homers Ilias ("Studies on Homer's Iliad") argued that the Iliad was a compilation of 18 independent folk-lays, rather as the Finnish Kalevala actually was, compiled in the 1820s and 1830s by Lönnrot: so, he argued, Iliad book 1 consists of a lay on Achilleus' anger (lines 1-347), and two ...