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Over the past half century, a great number of Bell test experiments have been conducted. The experiments are commonly interpreted to rule out local hidden-variable theories, and in 2015 an experiment was performed that is not subject to either the locality loophole or the detection loophole (Hensen et al. [10]). An experiment free of the ...
The Leggett–Garg inequality, [1] named for Anthony James Leggett and Anupam Garg, is a mathematical inequality fulfilled by all macrorealistic physical theories.Here, macrorealism (macroscopic realism) is a classical worldview defined by the conjunction of two postulates, of which the second has actually nothing to do with “macro-realism”: [1]
Bell's theorem is a term encompassing a number of closely related results in physics, all of which determine that quantum mechanics is incompatible with local hidden-variable theories, given some basic assumptions about the nature of measurement.
The monogamy of bipartite entanglement was established for tripartite systems in terms of concurrence by Valerie Coffman, Joydip Kundu, and William Wootters in 2000. [1] In 2006, Tobias Osborne and Frank Verstraete extended this result to the multipartite case, proving the CKW inequality.
The theory of the strong interaction (i.e. quantum chromodynamics, QCD), to which many contributed, acquired its modern form in 1973–74 when asymptotic freedom was proposed [23] [24] (a development that made QCD the main focus of theoretical research) [25] and experiments confirmed that the hadrons were composed of fractionally charged quarks.
Modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) is a theory that proposes a modification of Newton's laws to account for observed properties of galaxies.Modifying Newton's law of gravity results in modified gravity, while modifying Newton's second law results in modified inertia.
Quantum mechanics is a fundamental theory that describes the behavior of nature at and below the scale of atoms. [2]: 1.1 It is the foundation of all quantum physics, which includes quantum chemistry, quantum field theory, quantum technology, and quantum information science.
1864 – James Clerk Maxwell: A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field (electromagnetic radiation) 1867 – James Clerk Maxwell: On the Dynamical Theory of Gases (kinetic theory of gases) 1871–89 – Ludwig Boltzmann & Josiah Willard Gibbs: Statistical mechanics (Boltzmann equation, 1872) 1873 – Maxwell: A Treatise on Electricity and ...