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The fundamental niche width often differs from the realized niche width (the areas where actually inhabited by a given species). [1] This differentiation is due to interspecific competition with other species within their ecosystem while still considering the biotic and abiotic limiting factors.
Niche differentiation is also not the only means by which coexistence is possible between two competing species. [76] However, niche differentiation is a critically important ecological idea which explains species coexistence, thus promoting the high biodiversity often seen in many of the world's biomes.
The realized niche is the set of environmental plus ecological conditions under which a species persists. [ 30 ] [ 32 ] [ 33 ] The Hutchinsonian niche is defined more technically as a " Euclidean hyperspace whose dimensions are defined as environmental variables and whose size is a function of the number of values that the environmental values ...
Species distribution modelling (SDM), also known as environmental (or ecological) niche modelling (ENM), habitat modelling, predictive habitat distribution modelling, and range mapping [1] uses ecological models to predict the distribution of a species across geographic space and time using environmental data. The environmental data are most ...
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Niche construction is the ecological process by which an organism alters its own (or another species') local environment. These alterations can be a physical change to the organism’s environment, or it can encompass the active movement of an organism from one habitat to another where it then experiences different environmental pressures.
The effect on realized niches could be incredibly strong, especially when there is an absence of more traditional interference or exploitative competition. A real-world example was studied in the late 1960s, when the introduction of snowshoe hares ( Lepus americanus ) to Newfoundland reduced the habitat range of native arctic hares ( Lepus ...
When a species colonizes a new area, the authors state that the species will either shift, expand or contract its realized niche. Chapter 6 is a theoretical exploration of dispersal models. The authors consider how insular stepping stones affect the dispersion of species—particularly, the effects that size and isolation of stepping stones ...