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The number 9 is also considered unlucky; when pronounced ku, it is a homophone for suffering (苦). The number 13 is sometimes considered unlucky, though this is a carryover from Western tradition. In contrast, 7 and sometimes 8 are considered lucky in Japanese. [2] In modern Japanese, cardinal numbers except 4 and 7 are generally given the on ...
' helping number word '), appears to have been literally calqued from the English term auxiliary numeral used by Basil Hall Chamberlain in A Handbook of Colloquial Japanese. [2] [3] In Japanese, as in Chinese and Korean, numerals cannot quantify nouns by themselves (except, in certain cases, for the numbers from one to ten; see below). [4]
In Japanese, each digit/number has at least one native Japanese (), Sino-Japanese (), and English-origin reading.Furthermore, variants of readings may be produced through abbreviation (i.e. rendering ichi as i), consonant voicing (i.e sa as za; see Dakuten and handakuten), gemination (i.e. roku as rokku; see sokuon), vowel lengthening (i.e. ni as nii; see chōonpu), reading multiple digits ...
The convention for digit group separators historically varied among countries, but usually sought to distinguish the delimiter from the decimal separator. Traditionally, English-speaking countries (except South Africa) [34] employed commas as the delimiter – 10,000 – and other European countries employed periods or spaces: 10.000 or 10 000.
Hence it is more convenient to think of numbers here as in groups of four, thus 1,234,567,890 is regrouped here as 12,3456,7890. Larger than a myriad, each number is therefore four zeroes longer than the one before it, thus 10000 × 萬; wàn = 億; yì. If one of the numbers is between 10 and 19, the leading 'one' is omitted as per the above ...
Because of this grouping into fours, higher orders of numbers are provided by the powers of 10,000 rather than 1,000: In China, 10,000 2 was 萬萬 in ancient texts but is now called 億 and sometimes written as 1,0000,0000; 10,000 3 is 1,0000,0000,0000 or 兆; 10,000 4 is 1,0000,0000,0000,0000 or 京; and so on.
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The base unit of Japanese mass is the kan, although the momme is more common. It is a recognised unit in the international pearl industry. [22] In English-speaking countries, momme is typically abbreviated as mo. The Japanese form of the Chinese tael was the ryō (両).