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The inferior gluteal artery (sciatic artery) is a terminal branch of the anterior trunk of the internal iliac artery. It exits the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen . It is distributed chiefly to the buttock and the back of the thigh.
The accompanying artery of ischiadic nerve is a long, slender artery in the thigh. It branches of the inferior gluteal artery. It accompanies the sciatic nerve for a short distance. [1] It then penetrates it, and runs in its substance to the lower part of the thigh.
In individuals who are biological females, the ovarian artery (a branch of the abdominal aorta) and uterine arteries form anastomoses. [6] Right (distal from spectator) internal iliac artery and branches, except for iliolumbar artery, umbilical artery, uterine artery/deferential artery and vaginal artery/inferior vesical artery.
The inferior gluteal nerve leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen, passing inferior to the piriformis muscle. [5] It then divides into muscular branches to supply the gluteus maximus that pass posteriorly into the deep surface of the gluteus maximus muscle. [6] The inferior gluteal nerve is superficial to the sciatic nerve.
Its branches are all cutaneous, and are distributed to the gluteal region, the perineum, and the back of the thigh and leg. The inferior clunial nerves (or gluteal branches), three or four in number, turn upward around the lower border of the gluteus maximus, and supply the skin covering the lower and lateral part of that muscle.
The common fibular nerve is the smaller terminal branch of the sciatic nerve. The common fibular nerve has root values of L4, L5, S1, and S2. It arises from the superior angle of the popliteal fossa and extends to the lateral angle of the popliteal fossa, along the medial border of the biceps femoris.
Anatomy figure: 13:03-04 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Deep muscles of the gluteal region with gluteus medius and maximus muscles removed." Anatomy figure: 17:02-05 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center – "Posterior view of the bones and ligaments of the hip joint."
The cruciate anastomosis is a circulatory anastomosis in the upper thigh [1] formed by the inferior gluteal artery, the lateral and medial circumflex femoral arteries, the first perforating artery of the deep femoral artery, [2] [1] and the anastomotic branch of the posterior branch of the obturator artery.