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[11] [12] At least three independent methods have successfully converted CBD to THC. Despite the CBD and THC having the same molecular weight, multiple analytical methods are able to differentiate them. [11] "on the recovery of both THC (86.7−90.0%) and CBD (92.3−95.6%). The slightly lower recovery of THC can be explained by the fact that ...
Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome (CHS) is recurrent nausea, vomiting, and cramping abdominal pain that can occur due to prolonged, high-dose cannabis use. [4] [5]CHS is associated with frequent (weekly or more often), long-term (several months or longer) cannabis use; synthetic cannabinoids can also cause CHS.
CBD shares a precursor with THC and is the main cannabinoid in CBD-dominant Cannabis strains. CBD has been shown to play a role in preventing the short-term memory loss associated with THC. [29] There is tentative evidence that CBD has an anti-psychotic effect, but research in this area is limited. [30] [24]
THC, the main psychoactive component of cannabis, may only be detectable in saliva and oral fluid for 2–24 hours in most cases. [8] [9] The main metabolite excreted in the urine is 11-Nor-9-carboxy-THC, also known as THC-COOH. Most cannabis drug tests yield a positive result when the concentration of THC-COOH in urine exceeds 50 ng/mL. [10]
[1] [2] THC and CBD are stored mostly in the trichomes of the plant, [3] and can cause psychological and physical impairment in the user, via the endocannabinoid system and unique receptors. [ 4 ] [ 5 ] THC increases dopamine levels in the brain, which attributes to the euphoric and relaxed feelings cannabis provides.
[16] [24] [26] [27] Conversion of CBD to THC can occur when CBD is heated to temperatures between 250–300 °C, potentially leading to its partial transformation into THC. [28] In the United States, the cannabidiol drug Epidiolex was approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 2018 for the treatment of two seizure disorders. [4]
Nabiximols, a combined THC and cannabidiol (CBD) product that is formulated as an oromucosal spray, has been shown to improve withdrawal symptoms without improving abstinence rates. [58] Oral CBD has not shown efficacy in reducing the signs or symptoms of cannabis use, and likely has no benefit in cannabis use withdrawal symptoms. [58]
People are also using cannabis more frequently since 2016 with the percentage of people who use cannabis daily increasing from 36% in 2016 to 37% in 2019, the percentage of people who used cannabis once a month increased from 12.1% to 12.8%, the percentage of people who used cannabis every few months increased from 17.3% to 17.8% and the ...