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Germany and the European Union present the only examples of federalism in the world where members of the federal "upper houses" (the German Bundesrat, i.e. the Federal Council; and the European Council) are neither elected nor appointed but comprise members or delegates of the governments of their constituents. The United States had a similar ...
Federalism may encompass as few as two or three internal divisions, as is the case in Belgium or Bosnia and Herzegovina. In Canada, federalism typically implies opposition to sovereignty movements—most commonly the question of Quebec separatism. [20]
Dual federalism had a significant impact on social issues in the United States. Dred Scott v. Sanford was an example of how Taney's dual federalism helped stir up tensions eventually leading to the outbreak of the Civil War. Another example of dual federalism's social impact was in the Plessy v. Ferguson ruling. Dual federalism had set up that ...
Louis Brandeis praised federalism as allowing states to experiment and make the best laws.. Laboratories of democracy is a phrase popularized by U.S. Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis in New State Ice Co. v. Liebmann to describe how "a single courageous State may, if its citizens choose, serve as a laboratory; and try novel social and economic experiments without risk to the rest of the ...
Executive federalism is "the processes of intergovernmental negotiation that are dominated by the executives of the different governments within the federal system." [ 1 ] Alternatively, Donald Smiley defined executive federalism as "the relation between elected and appointed officials of the two orders of government."
An example of such a federation is Malaysia, in which Sarawak and Sabah agreed to form the federation on different terms and conditions from the states of Peninsular Malaysia. [ 4 ] A federation often emerges from an initial agreement between several separate states.
Short title: example derived form Ghostscript examples: Image title: derivative of Ghostscript examples "text_graphic_image.pdf", "alphabet.ps" and "waterfal.ps"
World federalism or global federalism is a political ideology advocating a democratic, federal world government.A world federation would have authority on issues of global reach, while the members of such a federation would retain authority over local and national issues.