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Marine aquaculture is a fast developing sector, with a focus on mussels, oysters, abalone, seaweeds, and prawns. Of these, mussel farming is the best established. Abalone culture is now well established, centred in the Hermanus area on the Cape south coast. There is also an experimental offshore farm (cage culture) off Gansbaai for salmon." [1]
Capture includes fish, crustaceans, molluscs, etc. [1] [2] [3] World capture fisheries and aquaculture production, from FAO's Statistical Yearbook 2021 [ 4 ] ↑ By species group
Aquaculture is the most rapidly expanding food industry in the world [7] as a result of declining wild fisheries stocks and profitable business. [2] In 2008, aquaculture provided 45.7% of the fish produced globally for human consumption; increasing at a mean rate of 6.6% a year since 1970.
The demand for jobs is expected to increase to 24.6 million annually in Sub-Saharan Africa and 4.3 million in North Africa by 2030, representing two thirds of global growth in demand for jobs. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Youth unemployment has been the trigger for uprisings, notably in North Africa, and has led to social and security instability.
However, species originally from Africa have been widely introduced and have become economically important as food fish in many countries. China, the Philippines, Taiwan , Indonesia, and Thailand are the leading suppliers, and these countries altogether produced about 1.1 million metric tons (1.1 × 10 ^ 6 long tons) of fish in 2001 ...
Between 1976 and 1985, production of dried, salted, or smoked fish was estimated at 20,000 tons annually, representing from 20 to 25 percent of Chad's total annual catch. [1] A large share of the commerce in preserved fish was carried on with markets in Cameroon and Nigeria. [1]
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Seaweed farming is practiced in the northeastern region of the island in conjunction with the IBIS Madagascar company. Harvesting is done in a coastal zone, usually by women and children. [10] Along with Tanzania, Madagascar is the top producer of aquaculture seaweed in Africa. [11]