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A positive (+) number indicates that revenues exceeded expenditures (a budget surplus), while a negative (-) number indicates the reverse (a budget deficit). Normalizing the data, by dividing the budget balance by GDP, enables easy comparisons across countries and indicates whether a national government saves or borrows money.
For most other countries the total budget is shown. Although Germany is a federation, the statistics for Germany represent total general government spending. [3] Similar to Germany, Russia has a federative structure and a three layer budget system, here the total government spending is shown. [4]
The last time that the budget was balanced or had a surplus was the 2001 United States federal budget. Numerous sources have stated that as of 2023, a balanced budget is no longer possible without massive reductions in spending by the United States federal government according to the Congressional Budget Office [9] and several independent sources.
List of countries by government budget; List of countries by government budget per capita; List of countries by tax revenue to GDP ratio; Europe: List of sovereign states in Europe by budget revenues; List of sovereign states in Europe by budget revenues per capita; United States: List of U.S. state budgets
Research shows that balanced budget amendments lead to greater fiscal discipline. [2] However, there is substantial agreement among economists that strict annual balanced budget amendments have harmful [vague] near-term economic effects. In times of recession, deficit spending has significant benefits, whereas spending cuts by governments ...
List of countries by government budget (PPP) Participatory budgeting by country; F. ... List of European countries by fiscal balance; R. Federal budget of Russia; S.
Country Consolidated fiscal balance (% of GDP) [1] [2] [3] ... List of European countries by budget revenues; List of European countries by budget revenues per capita;
The Administration will work with Congress to ensure fiscal discipline consistent with the President's Budget and a quick return to a balanced budget. The Administration also will work with Congress to ensure that any unintended sequester of spending does not occur. [6] After the expiration of PAYGO, budget deficits returned.