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The Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM, MMI, or MCS) measures the effects of an earthquake at a given location. This is in contrast with the seismic magnitude usually reported for an earthquake. Magnitude scales measure the inherent force or strength of an earthquake – an event occurring at greater or lesser depth. (The "M w" scale is ...
That gave the Mercalli Scale, as well as the European MSK-64 scale that followed, a quantitative element representing the vulnerability of the building's type. [10] Since then, that scale has been called the Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MMS) and the evaluations of the seismic intensities are more reliable.
The old Modified Mercalli intensity scale (MM), a relic of the pre-instrument days, remains useful in the sense that each intensity-level provides an observable difference in seismic damage. After many years of trying every possible manipulation of accelerometer-time histories, it turns out that the extremely simple peak ground velocity (PGV ...
The Rossi–Forel scale was one of the first seismic scales to represent earthquake intensities. Developed by Michele Stefano Conte de Rossi of Italy and François-Alphonse Forel of Switzerland during the late 19th century, it was used commonly for about two decades until the introduction of the Mercalli intensity scale in 1902.
Levels 5 and 6 were subdivided into "lower" and "upper," creating a 10-level scale. As a result, terms like "faint tremor" and "light tremor" were discontinued, and a new "related explanatory table" was created to provide explanations previously contained in the old descriptions. Additionally, seismic intensity level 7, which had been ...
The Mercalli intensity scale uses personal reports and observations to measure earthquake intensity but PGA is measured by instruments, such as accelerographs. It can be correlated to macroseismic intensities on the Mercalli scale [3] but these correlations are associated with large uncertainty. [4] [5]
Image credits: TheBurn1nator No doubt about it, it’s a fact that humans are the most intelligent creatures on the planet. But, while we have a rich history of adapting to and comprehending the ...
Seismic Intensity Scale [1] [2] [3] Intensity Level (震度分級) Strong Ground Acceleration (cm/s 2,gal) Ground Speed (cm/s) What People Feel Effects Indoors Effects Outdoors; 0 Undetectable (無感) below 0.8 gal Imperceptible to humans 1 Slight (微震) 0.8-2.5 gal People may feel slight shaking when motionless 2 Weak (輕震) 2.5-8.0 gal