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Cardiotoxicity. Cardiotoxicity is the occurrence of heart dysfunction as electric or muscle damage, resulting in heart toxicity. [ 1] This can cause heart failure, arrhythmia, myocarditis, and cardiomyopathy in patients. [ 2] Some effects are reversible, while in others, permanent damage requiring further treatment may arise.
The word cardioplegia combines the Greek cardio meaning the "heart", and plegia "paralysis". [ 1] Technically, this means arresting or stopping the heart so that surgical procedures can be done in a still and bloodless field. Most commonly, however, the word cardioplegia refers to the solution used to bring about asystole of the heart, or heart ...
Ventricular remodeling. In cardiology, ventricular remodeling (or cardiac remodeling) [ 1] refers to changes in the size, shape, structure, and function of the heart. This can happen as a result of exercise (physiological remodeling) or after injury to the heart muscle (pathological remodeling). [ 2] The injury is typically due to acute ...
Heart failure is caused by any condition that reduces the efficiency of the heart muscle, through damage or overloading. Over time, these increases in workload, which are mediated by long-term activation of neurohormonal systems such as the renin–angiotensin system and the sympathoadrenal system, lead to fibrosis , dilation, and structural ...
Cardiomyopathy is a group of primary diseases of the heart muscle. [ 1] Early on there may be few or no symptoms. [ 1] As the disease worsens, shortness of breath, feeling tired, and swelling of the legs may occur, due to the onset of heart failure. [ 1] An irregular heart beat and fainting may occur. [ 1]
Tachycardia-induced cardiomyopathy (TIC) is a disease where prolonged tachycardia (a fast heart rate) or arrhythmia (an irregular heart rhythm) causes an impairment of the myocardium (heart muscle), which can result in heart failure. [ 1][ 5] People with TIC may have symptoms associated with heart failure (e.g. shortness of breath or ankle ...
The main pathophysiology of heart failure is a reduction in the efficiency of the heart muscle, through damage or overloading. As such, it can be caused by a wide number of conditions, including myocardial infarction (in which the heart muscle is starved of oxygen and dies), hypertension (which increases the force of contraction needed to pump blood) and cardiac amyloidosis (in which misfolded ...
Cardiac muscle (also called heart muscle or myocardium) is one of three types of vertebrate muscle tissues, the others being skeletal muscle and smooth muscle. It is an involuntary, striated muscle that constitutes the main tissue of the wall of the heart. The cardiac muscle (myocardium) forms a thick middle layer between the outer layer of the ...