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  2. Pattern matching - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_matching

    The patterns generally have the form of either sequences or tree structures. Uses of pattern matching include outputting the locations (if any) of a pattern within a token sequence, to output some component of the matched pattern, and to substitute the matching pattern with some other token sequence (i.e., search and replace).

  3. Python (programming language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Python_(programming_language)

    Python is a multi-paradigm programming language. Object-oriented programming and structured programming are fully supported, and many of their features support functional programming and aspect-oriented programming (including metaprogramming [71] and metaobjects). [72]

  4. Guard (computer science) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guard_(computer_science)

    In addition to a guard attached to a pattern, pattern guard can refer to the use of pattern matching in the context of a guard. In effect, a match of the pattern is taken to mean pass. This meaning was introduced in a proposal for Haskell by Simon Peyton Jones titled A new view of guards in April 1997 and was used in the implementation of the ...

  5. Software design pattern - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_design_pattern

    FizzBuzzEnterpriseEdition offers a humorous example of over-complexity introduced by design patterns. [32] By definition, a pattern must be programmed anew into each application that uses it. Since some authors see this as a step backward from software reuse as provided by components, researchers have worked to turn patterns into components ...

  6. Regular expression - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regular_expression

    Algebraic laws for regular expressions can be obtained using a method by Gischer which is best explained along an example: In order to check whether (X+Y) ∗ and (X ∗ Y ∗) ∗ denote the same regular language, for all regular expressions X, Y, it is necessary and sufficient to check whether the particular regular expressions (a+b) ∗ and ...

  7. Checksum - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checksum

    The simplest checksum algorithm is the so-called longitudinal parity check, which breaks the data into "words" with a fixed number n of bits, and then computes the bitwise exclusive or (XOR) of all those words. The result is appended to the message as an extra word.

  8. Off-side rule - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Off-side_rule

    The off-side rule describes syntax of a computer programming language that defines the bounds of a code block via indentation. [1] [2]The term was coined by Peter Landin, possibly as a pun on the offside law in association football.

  9. Double-checked locking - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Double-checked_locking

    The original form of the pattern, appearing in Pattern Languages of Program Design 3, [2] has data races, depending on the memory model in use, and it is hard to get right. Some consider it to be an anti-pattern. [3] There are valid forms of the pattern, including the use of the volatile keyword in Java and explicit memory barriers in C++. [4]