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These firms are allowed to pursue profits. Perums, however, are increasingly rare as the government are converting many of them into perusahaan perseroan (see below), especially after the 1980s. Perusahaan Perseroan (Persero) are SOEs which are perseroan terbatas (PT) (i.e. a joint-stock company).
Nama Perusahaan 1 AIMS Akbar Indo Makmur Stimec Tbk 2 AISA FKS Food Sejahtera Tbk. 3 AKKU Anugerah Kagum Karya Utama Tbk 4 AKPI Argha Karya Prima Industry Tbk 5 AKRA AKR Corporindo Tbk. 6 AKSI Mineral Sumberdaya Mandiri Tbk 7 ALDO Alkindo Naratama Tbk. 8 ALKA Alakasa Industrindo Tbk 9 ALMI Alumindo Light Metal Industry 10 ALTO Tri Banyan Tirta ...
The Salim Group is Indonesia's biggest conglomerate and refers to companies where the Salim family holds majority ownership. Its assets include Indofood Sukses Makmur, [a] the world's largest instant noodle producer; Indomobil Group, one of Indonesia's largest car manufacturers; Indomaret, Indonesia's largest convenience store chain; and Bogasari, a large flour-milling operation. [1]
The first idea of a digital administrative law was born in Italy in 1978 by Giovanni Duni and was developed in 1991 with the name teleadministration. [1]In the public administration debate about new public management (NPM), the concept of digital era governance (or DEG) is claimed by Patrick Dunleavy, Helen Margetts and their co-authors as replacing NPM since around 2000 to 2005. [2]
Aric Rindfleisch and Matt O'Hern define customer co-creation in digital marketing as "a collaborative NPD (new product development) activity in which customers actively contribute and/or select the content of a new product offering" and state that, like all NPD processes, it consists of two steps, namely contribution (of content) and selection (of the best contributions).
PT Telekomunikasi Indonesia (Persero) Tbk [2] (lit. ' Telecommunications Indonesia State-owned Public Limited Company ' [2]) officially shortened into PT Telkom Indonesia (Persero) Tbk, also simply known as Telkom, is an Indonesian multinational telecommunications conglomerate [5] with its corporate headquarters in Bandung and its operational headquarters in the Telkom Landmark Complex in ...
Gojek was started by Nadiem Makarim in 2010 as a call center and 20 ojeks (motorcycle taxi) to arrange transportation and courier deliveries. [15] In 2015, Gojek started an app which boosted the orders from 3,000 to 10,000 orders per day, and expanded the services including food delivery, ticket sales, etc. [15] In 2017, Gojek become Indonesia's first unicorn startup, with orders up to 300,000 ...
Experiments on co-production on public services have been launched in many countries, from Denmark to Malaysia, the UK and the US. [8]The term 'co-production' was originally coined in the late 1970s by Elinor Ostrom and colleagues at Indiana University to explain why neighbourhood crime rates went up in Chicago when the city's police officers retreated from the street into cars.