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Codex Alexandrinus, the oldest Greek witness of the Byzantine text in the Gospels, close to the Family Π (Luke 12:54-13:4). The earliest clear notable patristic witnesses to the Byzantine text come from early eastern church fathers such as Gregory of Nyssa (335 – c. 395), John Chrysostom (347 – 407), Basil the Great (330 – 379) and Cyril of Jerusalem (313 – 386).
The group was discovered by Hermann von Soden in the late 19th century and designated by him with symbol K r. [1] According to Soden, the group is the result of an early 12th century attempt to create a unified New Testament text; the copying was controlled and the accuracy is unequalled in the history of the transmission of the New Testament text.
Currently it is considered to be one of the best witness of the Byzantine text-type, [7] and became the basis for The Gospel According to John in the Byzantine Tradition. [8] Wilbur N. Pickering believes subgroup 35 is the original text of the entire New Testament and has published The Greek New Testament According to Family 35. [9]
A folio from Papyrus 46, one of the oldest extant New Testament manuscripts. Textual criticism of the New Testament is the identification of textual variants, or different versions of the New Testament, whose goals include identification of transcription errors, analysis of versions, and attempts to reconstruct the original text.
Family K x is a large group of the New Testament manuscripts. It belongs to the Byzantine text-type as one of the textual families of this group. It includes uncials , and although hundreds of minuscules , no early ones.
Family Π is a group of New Testament manuscripts, and is one of the textual families which belongs to the majority Byzantine text-type. The name of the family, "Π" (pronounced in English as "pie"), is drawn from the symbol used for the manuscript known as Codex Petropolitanus. One of the most distinctive of the Byzantine sub-groups, it is the ...
Generally omitted by Alexandrian text-type, but included by Byzantine text-type. [19] Most scholars think that inclusions of this phrase in later manuscripts are probably a result of harmonisation attempts with Mark 5:26 rather than a Lukan rewriting of the Markan original, especially because προσαναλωσασα is a hapax legomenon .
Bruce M. Metzger & Bart D. Ehrman, "The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration", OUP New York, Oxford, 4 edition, 2005; Bruce M. Metzger, "A Textual Commentary on the Greek New Testament: A Companion Volume to the United Bible Societies' Greek New Testament", 1994, United Bible Societies, London & New York.