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In enzymology, a carboxylate reductase (EC 1.2.99.6) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction. an aldehyde + acceptor + H 2 O a carboxylate + reduced acceptor. The 3 substrates of this enzyme are aldehyde, acceptor, and H 2 O, whereas its two products are carboxylate and reduced acceptor.
Carboxylate ion Acrylate ion. In organic chemistry, a carboxylate is the conjugate base of a carboxylic acid, RCOO − (or RCO − 2). It is an anion, an ion with negative charge. Carboxylate salts are salts that have the general formula M(RCOO) n, where M is a metal and n is 1, 2,....
The Bouveault–Blanc reduction, employing a mixture of sodium metal in the presence of alcohols, was an early method for reduction of carbonyls. [32] It is now largely obsolete. Subsequent to the discovery of the Bouveault–Blanc reduction, many methods were developed, including the major breakthrough of catalytic hydrogenation where H 2 ...
Delta-1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ALDH18A1 gene. [ 5 ] [ 6 ] This gene is a member of the aldehyde dehydrogenase family and encodes a bifunctional ATP - and NADPH -dependent mitochondrial enzyme with both gamma-glutamyl kinase and gamma-glutamyl phosphate reductase activities.
The first reported decarboxylative cross coupling reaction was an Ullmann reaction, in 1966 by Nilsson et al. Thermal decarboxylation of copper benzoates, in the presence of an aryl halide, was found to produce (both symmetric and unsymmetric) biaryls through aryl-Cu intermediates.
Carboxylation is a chemical reaction in which a carboxylic acid is produced by treating a substrate with carbon dioxide. [1] The opposite reaction is decarboxylation.In chemistry, the term carbonation is sometimes used synonymously with carboxylation, especially when applied to the reaction of carbanionic reagents with CO 2.
A hydroxyl group is first derivitised into a stable and very often crystalline toluate derivative. The aromatic ester is submitted to a monoelectronical reduction, by the use of SmI 2 /HMPA [5] or by electrolysis, [6] to yield the a radical-anion which decomposes into the corresponding carboxylate and into the radical of the alkyl fragment.
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