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Guinea pigs played a major role in the establishment of germ theory in the late 19th century, through the experiments of Louis Pasteur, Émile Roux, and Robert Koch. [166] Guinea pigs have been launched into orbital space flight several times, first by the USSR on the Sputnik 9 biosatellite of March 9, 1961 – with a successful recovery. [167]
Greater guinea pigs are herbivorous, feeding on grasses, sedges, and other vegetation, and play a role in maintaining the ecological balance of their native habitats. [4] Unlike their domesticated relatives, they are not kept as pets and are primarily studied in the context of their ecological and evolutionary significance.
Caviidae, the cavy family, is composed of rodents native to South America and includes the domestic guinea pig, wild cavies, and the largest living rodent, the capybara.They are found across South America in open areas from moist savanna to thorn forests or scrub desert.
Cavia is a genus in the subfamily Caviinae that contains the rodents commonly known as the true guinea pigs or cavies. [1] The best-known species in this genus is the domestic guinea pig, Cavia porcellus , a meat animal in South America and a common household pet outside that continent.
A number of rodents live at high altitude, including deer mice, guinea pigs, and rats. Several mechanisms help them survive these harsh conditions, including altered genetics of the hemoglobin gene in guinea pigs and deer mice. [33] [34] Deer mice use a high percentage of fats as metabolic fuel to retain carbohydrates for small bursts of energy ...
The Brazilian guinea pig (Cavia aperea) (preá in Portuguese) is a wild guinea pig species found in Argentina, Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Paraguay, Uruguay and Venezuela. [ 2 ] Cavia aperea has been successfully mated to the domestic guinea pig, Cavia porcellus , though many females become infertile in successive generations. [ 3 ]
Their cylindrical bodies are in shades of brown or gray and are carried by short limbs. These guinea pigs have coarse, long fur with longer fur in the neck region and no fur on the ears. These guinea pigs, like most, have no external tail. Cavies have incisors that continuously grow and are naturally filed down by grazing habits. [6]
The montane guinea pig is a medium-sized species, growing to a total length of 247 mm (9.7 in). Their colour varies in different parts of the range; in Peru, the dorsal fur is dark reddish-brown mixed with black, and the underparts are dark buffy-grey; in Chile, the dorsal surface is pale agouti brown with paler underparts; in Bolivia, the upper parts are agouti olive and the underparts creamy ...