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Download as PDF; Printable version; ... economic value added is an estimate of a firm's economic profit, ... (debt and equity) for bearing risk, their opportunity ...
In social science, economic capital is distinguished in relation to other types of capital which may not necessarily reflect a monetary or exchange-value.These forms of capital include natural capital, cultural capital and social capital; the latter two represent a type of power or status that an individual can attain in a capitalist society via formal education or through social ties.
Earnings at risk (EaR) and the related cash flow at risk (CFaR) [1] [2] [3] are measures reflecting the potential impact of market risk on the income statement and cash flow statement respectively, and hence the risk to the institution's return on assets and, ultimately, return on equity.
This rate of return is the cost of equity, and a formal equity cost must be subtracted from net income. Consequently, to create shareholder value, management must generate returns at least as great as this cost. Thus, although a company may report a profit on its income statement, it may actually be economically unprofitable; see Economic profit.
The 5% Value at Risk of a hypothetical profit-and-loss probability density function. Value at risk (VaR) is a measure of the risk of loss of investment/capital.It estimates how much a set of investments might lose (with a given probability), given normal market conditions, in a set time period such as a day.
For (ii) on value at risk, or "VaR", an estimate of how much the investment or area in question might lose with a given probability in a set time period, with the bank holding "economic"-or “risk capital” correspondingly; common parameters are 99% and 95% worst-case losses - i.e. 1% and 5% - and one day and two week horizons. [28]
The risk premium represents the compensation awarded to the equity holder for taking on a higher risk by investing in equities rather than government bonds. [1] However, the 5% to 8% premium is considered to be an implausibly high difference and the equity premium puzzle refers to the unexplained reasons driving this disparity.
Equity risk is "the financial risk involved in holding equity in a particular investment." [1] Equity risk is a type of market risk that applies to investing in shares. [2] The market price of stocks fluctuates all the time, depending on supply and demand. The risk of losing money due to a reduction in the market price of shares is known as ...