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A speaking clock or talking clock is a live or recorded human voice service, usually accessed by telephone, that gives the correct time. The first telephone speaking clock service was introduced in France, in association with the Paris Observatory, on 14 February 1933. [ 1]
On 15 July 1945, the clocks were put back by an hour, so BDST reverted to BST; the clocks were put back by an additional hour on 7 October 1945, so BST reverted to GMT for the winter of 1945. [6] The United Kingdom experimentally adopted Central European Time by maintaining Summer Time throughout the year from 1968 to 1971. [7]
Railway time. Clock on The Exchange, Bristol, showing two minute hands, one for London time ( GMT) and one for Bristol time (GMT minus 11 minutes). Railway time was the standardised time arrangement first applied by the Great Western Railway in England in November 1840, the first recorded occasion when different local mean times were ...
These automatic signal clocks were synchronizedby telegraphyin 1905 before the widespread use of radio. A time signalis a visible, audible, mechanical, or electronic signalused as a reference to determine the time of day. Church bellsor voices announcing hours of prayergave way to automatically operated chimeson public clocks; however, audible ...
Standard time is the synchronization of clocks within a geographical region to a single time standard, rather than a local mean time standard. Generally, standard time agrees with the local mean time at some meridian that passes through the region, often near the centre of the region. Historically, standard time was established during the 19th ...
Time clock. A time clock, sometimes known as a clock card machine, punch clock, or time recorder, is a device that records start and end times for hourly employees (or those on flexi-time) at a place of business. In mechanical time clocks, this was accomplished by inserting a heavy paper card, called a time card, into a slot on the time clock.
[a] Using telescopes, GMT was calibrated to the mean solar time at the Royal Observatory, Greenwich in the UK. Chronometers or telegraphy were used to synchronize these clocks. [4] Standard time zones of the world. The number at the bottom of each zone specifies the number of hours to add to UTC to convert it to the local time.
Oscillating timekeepers are used in modern timepieces. Sundials and water clocks were first used in ancient Egypt c. 1200 BC (or equally acceptable BCE) and later by the Babylonians, the Greeks and the Chinese. Incense clocks were being used in China by the 6th century.